Myelolipoma: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Myelolipoma | |||
| image = [[File:myelolipoma.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Gross pathology of a myelolipoma | |||
| field = [[Endocrinology]] | |||
| synonyms = Adrenal myelolipoma | |||
| symptoms = Often asymptomatic, may cause [[abdominal pain]] if large | |||
| complications = [[Hemorrhage]], [[hypertension]] | |||
| onset = Typically in adults | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = Unknown | |||
| risks = [[Obesity]], [[hypertension]], [[diabetes mellitus]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Computed tomography|CT scan]], [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]], [[Ultrasound]] | |||
| differential = [[Adrenal adenoma]], [[liposarcoma]], [[pheochromocytoma]] | |||
| treatment = Observation, surgical removal if symptomatic | |||
| medication = None specific | |||
| prognosis = Excellent if asymptomatic | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
[[File:myelolipoma histology HE.jpg|Myelolipoma histology HE|thumb|left]] | |||
[[File:Myelolipom der Nebenniere CT.jpg|Myelolipoma CT|thumb]] | |||
[[File:Incidences and prognoses of adrenal tumors.png|Incidences and prognoses of adrenal tumors|thumb|left]] | |||
'''Myelolipoma''' is a rare, benign tumor composed of mature adipose tissue and normal hematopoietic elements. It is most commonly found in the adrenal gland, but can also occur in other parts of the body. | '''Myelolipoma''' is a rare, benign tumor composed of mature adipose tissue and normal hematopoietic elements. It is most commonly found in the adrenal gland, but can also occur in other parts of the body. | ||
==Epidemiology== | ==Epidemiology== | ||
Myelolipomas are rare tumors, with an incidence of less than 0.2% in the general population. They are most commonly found in adults aged 40-70 years, with a slight female predominance. | Myelolipomas are rare tumors, with an incidence of less than 0.2% in the general population. They are most commonly found in adults aged 40-70 years, with a slight female predominance. | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
The exact cause of myelolipoma is unknown. It is thought to arise from the adrenal gland's reticuloendothelial cells, which have the ability to differentiate into both adipose and hematopoietic cells. | The exact cause of myelolipoma is unknown. It is thought to arise from the adrenal gland's reticuloendothelial cells, which have the ability to differentiate into both adipose and hematopoietic cells. | ||
==Clinical Presentation== | ==Clinical Presentation== | ||
Most myelolipomas are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally during imaging studies for other conditions. When symptoms do occur, they are usually due to the mass effect of the tumor, causing pain or discomfort in the abdomen or back. | Most myelolipomas are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally during imaging studies for other conditions. When symptoms do occur, they are usually due to the mass effect of the tumor, causing pain or discomfort in the abdomen or back. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
The diagnosis of myelolipoma is usually made based on imaging studies, such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These studies typically show a well-defined, heterogeneous mass with areas of fat and soft tissue density. | The diagnosis of myelolipoma is usually made based on imaging studies, such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These studies typically show a well-defined, heterogeneous mass with areas of fat and soft tissue density. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
The treatment of myelolipoma depends on the size and symptoms of the tumor. Small, asymptomatic tumors may be managed with observation and regular follow-up imaging. Larger tumors, or those causing symptoms, may require surgical removal. | The treatment of myelolipoma depends on the size and symptoms of the tumor. Small, asymptomatic tumors may be managed with observation and regular follow-up imaging. Larger tumors, or those causing symptoms, may require surgical removal. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for individuals with myelolipoma is generally good, as these tumors are benign and do not metastasize. However, complications can occur if the tumor grows large enough to cause symptoms or if it ruptures, causing internal bleeding. | The prognosis for individuals with myelolipoma is generally good, as these tumors are benign and do not metastasize. However, complications can occur if the tumor grows large enough to cause symptoms or if it ruptures, causing internal bleeding. | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Adrenal gland]] | * [[Adrenal gland]] | ||
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* [[Computed tomography]] | * [[Computed tomography]] | ||
* [[Magnetic resonance imaging]] | * [[Magnetic resonance imaging]] | ||
[[Category:Medical conditions]] | [[Category:Medical conditions]] | ||
[[Category:Rare diseases]] | [[Category:Rare diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Endocrine diseases]] | [[Category:Endocrine diseases]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 04:45, 13 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Myelolipoma | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Adrenal myelolipoma |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Often asymptomatic, may cause abdominal pain if large |
| Complications | Hemorrhage, hypertension |
| Onset | Typically in adults |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Unknown |
| Risks | Obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus |
| Diagnosis | CT scan, MRI, Ultrasound |
| Differential diagnosis | Adrenal adenoma, liposarcoma, pheochromocytoma |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Observation, surgical removal if symptomatic |
| Medication | None specific |
| Prognosis | Excellent if asymptomatic |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Myelolipoma is a rare, benign tumor composed of mature adipose tissue and normal hematopoietic elements. It is most commonly found in the adrenal gland, but can also occur in other parts of the body.
Epidemiology[edit]
Myelolipomas are rare tumors, with an incidence of less than 0.2% in the general population. They are most commonly found in adults aged 40-70 years, with a slight female predominance.
Pathophysiology[edit]
The exact cause of myelolipoma is unknown. It is thought to arise from the adrenal gland's reticuloendothelial cells, which have the ability to differentiate into both adipose and hematopoietic cells.
Clinical Presentation[edit]
Most myelolipomas are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally during imaging studies for other conditions. When symptoms do occur, they are usually due to the mass effect of the tumor, causing pain or discomfort in the abdomen or back.
Diagnosis[edit]
The diagnosis of myelolipoma is usually made based on imaging studies, such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These studies typically show a well-defined, heterogeneous mass with areas of fat and soft tissue density.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment of myelolipoma depends on the size and symptoms of the tumor. Small, asymptomatic tumors may be managed with observation and regular follow-up imaging. Larger tumors, or those causing symptoms, may require surgical removal.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for individuals with myelolipoma is generally good, as these tumors are benign and do not metastasize. However, complications can occur if the tumor grows large enough to cause symptoms or if it ruptures, causing internal bleeding.
