Pneumocystosis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Pneumocystosis | |||
| image = [[File:Pneumocystis.jpg|left|thumb|Pneumocystis jirovecii in lung tissue]] | |||
| caption = ''Pneumocystis jirovecii'' in lung tissue | |||
| synonyms = Pneumocystis pneumonia, PCP | |||
| specialty = [[Infectious disease]], [[Pulmonology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Cough]], [[fever]], [[shortness of breath]], [[fatigue]] | |||
| complications = [[Respiratory failure]], [[pneumothorax]] | |||
| onset = Gradual | |||
| duration = Weeks to months | |||
| causes = ''[[Pneumocystis jirovecii]]'' | |||
| risks = [[HIV/AIDS]], [[immunosuppression]], [[organ transplantation]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Chest X-ray]], [[CT scan]], [[bronchoalveolar lavage]], [[PCR]] | |||
| differential = [[Bacterial pneumonia]], [[tuberculosis]], [[fungal infections]] | |||
| prevention = [[Prophylactic antibiotics]] (e.g., [[trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole]]) | |||
| treatment = [[Antibiotics]] (e.g., [[trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole]], [[pentamidine]]) | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on underlying conditions | |||
| frequency = Common in [[HIV/AIDS]] patients without prophylaxis | |||
}} | |||
[[File:X-ray_and_CT_of_ground_glass_opacities_and_pneumothorax_in_pneumocystis_pneumonia.jpg|X-ray and CT of ground glass opacities and pneumothorax in pneumocystis pneumonia|thumb|left]] | |||
'''Pneumocystosis''' is a form of [[pneumonia]] that is caused by the yeast-like fungus ''[[Pneumocystis jirovecii]]''. This condition is most commonly seen in individuals with weakened [[immune system]]s, such as those with [[HIV/AIDS]], those undergoing [[chemotherapy]], or organ transplant recipients. | '''Pneumocystosis''' is a form of [[pneumonia]] that is caused by the yeast-like fungus ''[[Pneumocystis jirovecii]]''. This condition is most commonly seen in individuals with weakened [[immune system]]s, such as those with [[HIV/AIDS]], those undergoing [[chemotherapy]], or organ transplant recipients. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Pneumocystosis is caused by the fungus ''Pneumocystis jirovecii''. This fungus is common in the environment and does not cause illness in healthy individuals. However, in those with weakened immune systems, the fungus can cause a severe and potentially life-threatening pneumonia. | Pneumocystosis is caused by the fungus ''Pneumocystis jirovecii''. This fungus is common in the environment and does not cause illness in healthy individuals. However, in those with weakened immune systems, the fungus can cause a severe and potentially life-threatening pneumonia. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The symptoms of pneumocystosis can vary, but often include [[fever]], [[cough]], shortness of breath, and weight loss. In severe cases, the condition can lead to respiratory failure and death. | The symptoms of pneumocystosis can vary, but often include [[fever]], [[cough]], shortness of breath, and weight loss. In severe cases, the condition can lead to respiratory failure and death. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of pneumocystosis typically involves a combination of clinical symptoms, imaging studies such as a [[chest X-ray]] or [[CT scan]], and laboratory tests. The definitive diagnosis is made by identifying the fungus in a sample of lung tissue or respiratory secretions. | Diagnosis of pneumocystosis typically involves a combination of clinical symptoms, imaging studies such as a [[chest X-ray]] or [[CT scan]], and laboratory tests. The definitive diagnosis is made by identifying the fungus in a sample of lung tissue or respiratory secretions. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for pneumocystosis typically involves [[antifungal medication]]s, such as [[trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]]. In severe cases, additional treatments such as [[corticosteroids]] may be needed to reduce inflammation in the lungs. | Treatment for pneumocystosis typically involves [[antifungal medication]]s, such as [[trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole]]. In severe cases, additional treatments such as [[corticosteroids]] may be needed to reduce inflammation in the lungs. | ||
== Prevention == | == Prevention == | ||
Prevention of pneumocystosis involves regular medical care for those with weakened immune systems, including the use of prophylactic antifungal medications in some cases. | Prevention of pneumocystosis involves regular medical care for those with weakened immune systems, including the use of prophylactic antifungal medications in some cases. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Pneumonia]] | * [[Pneumonia]] | ||
* [[Pneumocystis jirovecii]] | * [[Pneumocystis jirovecii]] | ||
| Line 28: | Line 37: | ||
* [[Chemotherapy]] | * [[Chemotherapy]] | ||
* [[Organ transplantation]] | * [[Organ transplantation]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] | [[Category:Infectious diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Fungal diseases]] | [[Category:Fungal diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Pneumonia]] | [[Category:Pneumonia]] | ||
[[Category:Immunodeficiency]] | [[Category:Immunodeficiency]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 05:38, 9 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Pneumocystosis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | Pneumocystis pneumonia, PCP |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | Infectious disease, Pulmonology |
| Symptoms | Cough, fever, shortness of breath, fatigue |
| Complications | Respiratory failure, pneumothorax |
| Onset | Gradual |
| Duration | Weeks to months |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Pneumocystis jirovecii |
| Risks | HIV/AIDS, immunosuppression, organ transplantation |
| Diagnosis | Chest X-ray, CT scan, bronchoalveolar lavage, PCR |
| Differential diagnosis | Bacterial pneumonia, tuberculosis, fungal infections |
| Prevention | Prophylactic antibiotics (e.g., trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) |
| Treatment | Antibiotics (e.g., trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, pentamidine) |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on underlying conditions |
| Frequency | Common in HIV/AIDS patients without prophylaxis |
| Deaths | N/A |
Pneumocystosis is a form of pneumonia that is caused by the yeast-like fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii. This condition is most commonly seen in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, those undergoing chemotherapy, or organ transplant recipients.
Causes[edit]
Pneumocystosis is caused by the fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii. This fungus is common in the environment and does not cause illness in healthy individuals. However, in those with weakened immune systems, the fungus can cause a severe and potentially life-threatening pneumonia.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of pneumocystosis can vary, but often include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and weight loss. In severe cases, the condition can lead to respiratory failure and death.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of pneumocystosis typically involves a combination of clinical symptoms, imaging studies such as a chest X-ray or CT scan, and laboratory tests. The definitive diagnosis is made by identifying the fungus in a sample of lung tissue or respiratory secretions.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for pneumocystosis typically involves antifungal medications, such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. In severe cases, additional treatments such as corticosteroids may be needed to reduce inflammation in the lungs.
Prevention[edit]
Prevention of pneumocystosis involves regular medical care for those with weakened immune systems, including the use of prophylactic antifungal medications in some cases.
