Stomatitis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Stomatitis | |||
| image = [[File:Kwashiorkor_6180.jpg|left|thumb|Stomatitis]] | |||
| caption = Example of stomatitis | |||
| field = [[Dentistry]], [[Oral medicine]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Mouth ulcers]], [[pain]], [[redness]], [[swelling]] | |||
| complications = [[Infection]], [[difficulty eating]] | |||
| onset = Sudden or gradual | |||
| duration = Varies, often 1-2 weeks | |||
| causes = [[Infection]], [[allergy]], [[trauma]], [[irritants]] | |||
| risks = Poor oral hygiene, [[smoking]], [[alcohol use]], [[stress]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical examination]], [[biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Oral candidiasis]], [[herpes simplex]], [[aphthous stomatitis]] | |||
| prevention = Good oral hygiene, avoiding irritants | |||
| treatment = [[Topical anesthetics]], [[antiseptics]], [[antibiotics]] | |||
| medication = [[Chlorhexidine]], [[lidocaine]], [[acyclovir]] | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with treatment | |||
| frequency = Common | |||
}} | |||
= Systemic Factors = | = Systemic Factors = | ||
[[File:Oral mucosa.png|left|thumb|Inflammation of the oral mucosa]] | |||
[[File:Oral mucosa.png|thumb|Inflammation of the oral mucosa]] | |||
== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
Inflammation of the oral mucosa is a common condition affecting individuals of all ages. It can result from a variety of local or systemic factors, leading to discomfort, pain, and sometimes complications if left untreated. | Inflammation of the oral mucosa is a common condition affecting individuals of all ages. It can result from a variety of local or systemic factors, leading to discomfort, pain, and sometimes complications if left untreated. | ||
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== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
The causes of oral mucosa inflammation can be broadly categorized into local factors, such as mechanical trauma and infections, and systemic factors, including diseases and medications that affect the entire body. | The causes of oral mucosa inflammation can be broadly categorized into local factors, such as mechanical trauma and infections, and systemic factors, including diseases and medications that affect the entire body. | ||
== Different Types of Stomatitis == | == Different Types of Stomatitis == | ||
Stomatitis, the general term for an inflamed and sore mouth, can manifest in various forms depending on the underlying cause. | Stomatitis, the general term for an inflamed and sore mouth, can manifest in various forms depending on the underlying cause. | ||
=== [[Aphthous Stomatitis]] === | === [[Aphthous Stomatitis]] === | ||
Also known as canker sores, aphthous stomatitis is characterized by the formation of small, painful ulcers in the mouth. Its exact cause is unknown, but it is believed to be related to immune system issues, stress, or nutritional deficiencies. | Also known as canker sores, aphthous stomatitis is characterized by the formation of small, painful ulcers in the mouth. Its exact cause is unknown, but it is believed to be related to immune system issues, stress, or nutritional deficiencies. | ||
[[File:Aphthous ulcer in the back of the mouth.jpg|left|thumb|Aphthous ulcer on the oral mucosa]] | |||
[[File:Aphthous ulcer in the back of the mouth.jpg|thumb|Aphthous ulcer on the oral mucosa]] | |||
=== [[Herpetic Gingivostomatitis]] === | === [[Herpetic Gingivostomatitis]] === | ||
This type of stomatitis is caused by the herpes simplex virus, leading to fever, sore gums, and small blisters inside the mouth and lips. | This type of stomatitis is caused by the herpes simplex virus, leading to fever, sore gums, and small blisters inside the mouth and lips. | ||
=== [[Lichenoid Stomatitis]] === | === [[Lichenoid Stomatitis]] === | ||
Lichenoid stomatitis presents with white, lacy patches on the oral mucosa, often associated with the chronic skin condition lichen planus. | Lichenoid stomatitis presents with white, lacy patches on the oral mucosa, often associated with the chronic skin condition lichen planus. | ||
=== [[Necrotizing Stomatitis]] === | === [[Necrotizing Stomatitis]] === | ||
A severe form of gum infection that can lead to tissue necrosis, necrotizing stomatitis is more common in individuals with compromised immune systems. | A severe form of gum infection that can lead to tissue necrosis, necrotizing stomatitis is more common in individuals with compromised immune systems. | ||
=== [[Nicotine Stomatitis]] === | === [[Nicotine Stomatitis]] === | ||
Caused by prolonged exposure to heat from smoking or chewing tobacco, nicotine stomatitis is characterized by a whitish appearance of the mouth's roof. | Caused by prolonged exposure to heat from smoking or chewing tobacco, nicotine stomatitis is characterized by a whitish appearance of the mouth's roof. | ||
[[File:Nikotinovy sacek.png|left|thumb|Nicotine stomatitis in a smoker]] | |||
[[File:Nikotinovy sacek.png|thumb|Nicotine stomatitis in a smoker]] | |||
=== [[Pyostomatitis Vegetans]] === | === [[Pyostomatitis Vegetans]] === | ||
A rare type of inflammatory oral disease, often associated with inflammatory bowel disease, that causes pustules and erosions in the mouth. | A rare type of inflammatory oral disease, often associated with inflammatory bowel disease, that causes pustules and erosions in the mouth. | ||
=== [[Stomatitis Medicamentosa]] === | === [[Stomatitis Medicamentosa]] === | ||
Also known as drug-induced stomatitis, this condition is a reaction to medication, resulting in inflammation and sometimes ulcers in the mouth. | Also known as drug-induced stomatitis, this condition is a reaction to medication, resulting in inflammation and sometimes ulcers in the mouth. | ||
=== [[Stomatitis Venenata]] === | === [[Stomatitis Venenata]] === | ||
Caused by contact with allergens, stomatitis venenata leads to inflammation of the mouth's mucous membranes. | Caused by contact with allergens, stomatitis venenata leads to inflammation of the mouth's mucous membranes. | ||
=== [[Uremic Stomatitis]] === | === [[Uremic Stomatitis]] === | ||
A rare disorder associated with kidney failure, uremic stomatitis causes painful ulcers and a whitish appearance on the oral mucosa. | A rare disorder associated with kidney failure, uremic stomatitis causes painful ulcers and a whitish appearance on the oral mucosa. | ||
== Diagnosis and Treatment == | == Diagnosis and Treatment == | ||
Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history and physical examination. Treatment varies based on the underlying cause but may include topical medications, oral hygiene improvements, and, in some cases, systemic drugs. | Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history and physical examination. Treatment varies based on the underlying cause but may include topical medications, oral hygiene improvements, and, in some cases, systemic drugs. | ||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* [[Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology]] | * [[Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology]] | ||
* [[Oral Hygiene]] | * [[Oral Hygiene]] | ||
* [[Dental Abscess]] | * [[Dental Abscess]] | ||
== External Links == | == External Links == | ||
* [American Academy of Oral Medicine - Stomatitis] (https://www.aaom.com/stomatitis) | * [American Academy of Oral Medicine - Stomatitis] (https://www.aaom.com/stomatitis) | ||
* [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Oral Health] (https://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/index.html) | * [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Oral Health] (https://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/index.html) | ||
[[Category:Oral Pathology]] | [[Category:Oral Pathology]] | ||
[[Category:Inflammatory Diseases]] | [[Category:Inflammatory Diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Stomatitis]] | [[Category:Stomatitis]] | ||
{{med-stub}} | {{med-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 21:08, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Stomatitis | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Mouth ulcers, pain, redness, swelling |
| Complications | Infection, difficulty eating |
| Onset | Sudden or gradual |
| Duration | Varies, often 1-2 weeks |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Infection, allergy, trauma, irritants |
| Risks | Poor oral hygiene, smoking, alcohol use, stress |
| Diagnosis | Clinical examination, biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Oral candidiasis, herpes simplex, aphthous stomatitis |
| Prevention | Good oral hygiene, avoiding irritants |
| Treatment | Topical anesthetics, antiseptics, antibiotics |
| Medication | Chlorhexidine, lidocaine, acyclovir |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
Systemic Factors[edit]
Introduction[edit]
Inflammation of the oral mucosa is a common condition affecting individuals of all ages. It can result from a variety of local or systemic factors, leading to discomfort, pain, and sometimes complications if left untreated.
Causes[edit]
The causes of oral mucosa inflammation can be broadly categorized into local factors, such as mechanical trauma and infections, and systemic factors, including diseases and medications that affect the entire body.
Different Types of Stomatitis[edit]
Stomatitis, the general term for an inflamed and sore mouth, can manifest in various forms depending on the underlying cause.
Aphthous Stomatitis[edit]
Also known as canker sores, aphthous stomatitis is characterized by the formation of small, painful ulcers in the mouth. Its exact cause is unknown, but it is believed to be related to immune system issues, stress, or nutritional deficiencies.
Herpetic Gingivostomatitis[edit]
This type of stomatitis is caused by the herpes simplex virus, leading to fever, sore gums, and small blisters inside the mouth and lips.
Lichenoid Stomatitis[edit]
Lichenoid stomatitis presents with white, lacy patches on the oral mucosa, often associated with the chronic skin condition lichen planus.
Necrotizing Stomatitis[edit]
A severe form of gum infection that can lead to tissue necrosis, necrotizing stomatitis is more common in individuals with compromised immune systems.
Nicotine Stomatitis[edit]
Caused by prolonged exposure to heat from smoking or chewing tobacco, nicotine stomatitis is characterized by a whitish appearance of the mouth's roof.
Pyostomatitis Vegetans[edit]
A rare type of inflammatory oral disease, often associated with inflammatory bowel disease, that causes pustules and erosions in the mouth.
Stomatitis Medicamentosa[edit]
Also known as drug-induced stomatitis, this condition is a reaction to medication, resulting in inflammation and sometimes ulcers in the mouth.
Stomatitis Venenata[edit]
Caused by contact with allergens, stomatitis venenata leads to inflammation of the mouth's mucous membranes.
Uremic Stomatitis[edit]
A rare disorder associated with kidney failure, uremic stomatitis causes painful ulcers and a whitish appearance on the oral mucosa.
Diagnosis and Treatment[edit]
Diagnosis typically involves a thorough medical history and physical examination. Treatment varies based on the underlying cause but may include topical medications, oral hygiene improvements, and, in some cases, systemic drugs.
See Also[edit]
External Links[edit]
- [American Academy of Oral Medicine - Stomatitis] (https://www.aaom.com/stomatitis)
- [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Oral Health] (https://www.cdc.gov/oralhealth/index.html)
