Marcus Gunn phenomenon: Difference between revisions
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[[file:Markusgunjawwinkwoman.jpg|thumb|Markusgunjawwinkwoman]] '''Marcus Gunn phenomenon''' is a rare congenital condition characterized by an abnormal connection between the nerves that control the muscles of the jaw and the muscles of the eyelid. This condition is also known as '''Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome''' or '''jaw-winking ptosis'''. | {{SI}} | ||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Marcus Gunn phenomenon | |||
| image = [[File:Gray777.png|left|thumb|Illustration of the [[Marcus Gunn phenomenon]]]] | |||
| caption = Illustration of the Marcus Gunn phenomenon | |||
| field = [[Ophthalmology]] | |||
| synonyms = Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome | |||
| symptoms = [[Ptosis]], [[jaw movement]]-induced eyelid movement | |||
| onset = [[Congenital]] | |||
| duration = Lifelong | |||
| causes = [[Neurogenic]] miswiring | |||
| risks = None | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical diagnosis]] | |||
| differential = [[Blepharoptosis]], [[Third nerve palsy]] | |||
| treatment = [[Surgical correction]] | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
[[file:Markusgunjawwinkwoman.jpg|left|thumb|Markusgunjawwinkwoman]] '''Marcus Gunn phenomenon''' is a rare congenital condition characterized by an abnormal connection between the nerves that control the muscles of the jaw and the muscles of the eyelid. This condition is also known as '''Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome''' or '''jaw-winking ptosis'''. | |||
== Presentation == | == Presentation == | ||
The most distinctive feature of Marcus Gunn phenomenon is the involuntary movement of the upper eyelid in response to certain jaw movements. Typically, when the affected individual chews, sucks, or opens their mouth, the upper eyelid on the same side will elevate. This is due to an aberrant connection between the [[trigeminal nerve]] (which controls the muscles of mastication) and the [[oculomotor nerve]] (which controls the muscles of the eyelid). | The most distinctive feature of Marcus Gunn phenomenon is the involuntary movement of the upper eyelid in response to certain jaw movements. Typically, when the affected individual chews, sucks, or opens their mouth, the upper eyelid on the same side will elevate. This is due to an aberrant connection between the [[trigeminal nerve]] (which controls the muscles of mastication) and the [[oculomotor nerve]] (which controls the muscles of the eyelid). | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of Marcus Gunn phenomenon is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic jaw-winking motion of the eyelid. A thorough [[ophthalmologic examination]] and [[neurologic examination]] are essential to rule out other conditions that may present with similar symptoms. [[Electromyography]] (EMG) and [[nerve conduction studies]] may be used to further evaluate the abnormal nerve connections. | Diagnosis of Marcus Gunn phenomenon is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic jaw-winking motion of the eyelid. A thorough [[ophthalmologic examination]] and [[neurologic examination]] are essential to rule out other conditions that may present with similar symptoms. [[Electromyography]] (EMG) and [[nerve conduction studies]] may be used to further evaluate the abnormal nerve connections. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for Marcus Gunn phenomenon is often not necessary unless the condition causes significant functional or cosmetic issues. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be considered. Surgical options include [[ptosis surgery]] to correct the drooping eyelid or procedures to weaken the connection between the jaw and eyelid muscles. | Treatment for Marcus Gunn phenomenon is often not necessary unless the condition causes significant functional or cosmetic issues. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be considered. Surgical options include [[ptosis surgery]] to correct the drooping eyelid or procedures to weaken the connection between the jaw and eyelid muscles. | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
The prognosis for individuals with Marcus Gunn phenomenon is generally good. The condition is usually stable and does not progress over time. Most individuals adapt to the jaw-winking motion, and it does not typically interfere with vision or daily activities. | The prognosis for individuals with Marcus Gunn phenomenon is generally good. The condition is usually stable and does not progress over time. Most individuals adapt to the jaw-winking motion, and it does not typically interfere with vision or daily activities. | ||
== Related Conditions == | == Related Conditions == | ||
Marcus Gunn phenomenon can be associated with other congenital conditions such as [[congenital ptosis]], [[strabismus]], and [[amblyopia]]. It is important for individuals with Marcus Gunn phenomenon to have regular follow-ups with an [[ophthalmologist]] to monitor for these associated conditions. | Marcus Gunn phenomenon can be associated with other congenital conditions such as [[congenital ptosis]], [[strabismus]], and [[amblyopia]]. It is important for individuals with Marcus Gunn phenomenon to have regular follow-ups with an [[ophthalmologist]] to monitor for these associated conditions. | ||
== History == | == History == | ||
The condition is named after the Scottish ophthalmologist [[Robert Marcus Gunn]], who first described the phenomenon in 1883. | The condition is named after the Scottish ophthalmologist [[Robert Marcus Gunn]], who first described the phenomenon in 1883. | ||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* [[Congenital ptosis]] | * [[Congenital ptosis]] | ||
| Line 25: | Line 35: | ||
* [[Oculomotor nerve]] | * [[Oculomotor nerve]] | ||
* [[Trigeminal nerve]] | * [[Trigeminal nerve]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
== External Links == | == External Links == | ||
{{Commons category|Marcus Gunn phenomenon}} | {{Commons category|Marcus Gunn phenomenon}} | ||
[[Category:Ophthalmology]] | [[Category:Ophthalmology]] | ||
[[Category:Neurology]] | [[Category:Neurology]] | ||
| Line 37: | Line 44: | ||
[[Category:Syndromes]] | [[Category:Syndromes]] | ||
[[Category:Rare diseases]] | [[Category:Rare diseases]] | ||
{{medicine-stub}} | {{medicine-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 04:08, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Marcus Gunn phenomenon | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Ptosis, jaw movement-induced eyelid movement |
| Complications | N/A |
| Onset | Congenital |
| Duration | Lifelong |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Neurogenic miswiring |
| Risks | None |
| Diagnosis | Clinical diagnosis |
| Differential diagnosis | Blepharoptosis, Third nerve palsy |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Surgical correction |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Marcus Gunn phenomenon is a rare congenital condition characterized by an abnormal connection between the nerves that control the muscles of the jaw and the muscles of the eyelid. This condition is also known as Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome or jaw-winking ptosis.
Presentation[edit]
The most distinctive feature of Marcus Gunn phenomenon is the involuntary movement of the upper eyelid in response to certain jaw movements. Typically, when the affected individual chews, sucks, or opens their mouth, the upper eyelid on the same side will elevate. This is due to an aberrant connection between the trigeminal nerve (which controls the muscles of mastication) and the oculomotor nerve (which controls the muscles of the eyelid).
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of Marcus Gunn phenomenon is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic jaw-winking motion of the eyelid. A thorough ophthalmologic examination and neurologic examination are essential to rule out other conditions that may present with similar symptoms. Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies may be used to further evaluate the abnormal nerve connections.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for Marcus Gunn phenomenon is often not necessary unless the condition causes significant functional or cosmetic issues. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be considered. Surgical options include ptosis surgery to correct the drooping eyelid or procedures to weaken the connection between the jaw and eyelid muscles.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for individuals with Marcus Gunn phenomenon is generally good. The condition is usually stable and does not progress over time. Most individuals adapt to the jaw-winking motion, and it does not typically interfere with vision or daily activities.
Related Conditions[edit]
Marcus Gunn phenomenon can be associated with other congenital conditions such as congenital ptosis, strabismus, and amblyopia. It is important for individuals with Marcus Gunn phenomenon to have regular follow-ups with an ophthalmologist to monitor for these associated conditions.
History[edit]
The condition is named after the Scottish ophthalmologist Robert Marcus Gunn, who first described the phenomenon in 1883.
See Also[edit]
References[edit]
<references group="" responsive="1"></references>
External Links[edit]
