Anisakis: Difference between revisions
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== Anisakis == | {{SI}}<br> | ||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Anisakiasis | |||
| image = [[File:Anisakis.jpg|thumb|right|Anisakis larvae in fish]] | |||
| caption = ''Anisakis'' larvae in fish | |||
| field = [[Infectious disease]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Abdominal pain]], [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[diarrhea]] | |||
| complications = [[Bowel obstruction]], [[peritonitis]] | |||
| onset = Minutes to hours after ingestion | |||
| duration = Days to weeks | |||
| causes = Ingestion of raw or undercooked [[fish]] or [[squid]] containing ''[[Anisakis]]'' larvae | |||
| risks = Consumption of raw or undercooked seafood | |||
| diagnosis = [[Endoscopy]], [[biopsy]], [[serology]] | |||
| differential = [[Appendicitis]], [[gastroenteritis]], [[peptic ulcer disease]] | |||
| prevention = Proper cooking or freezing of seafood | |||
| treatment = Endoscopic removal of larvae, [[surgery]] if necessary | |||
| medication = [[Albendazole]] (in some cases) | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with treatment | |||
| frequency = Common in areas where raw fish is consumed | |||
}} | |||
'''Anisakis''' is a genus of parasitic nematodes belonging to the family Anisakidae. Species within this genus are known for causing [[Anisakiasis]], a parasitic infection in humans. The life cycle of Anisakis involves fish, crustaceans, and marine mammals, with humans becoming incidental hosts through the consumption of infested fish. | '''Anisakis''' is a genus of parasitic nematodes belonging to the family Anisakidae. Species within this genus are known for causing [[Anisakiasis]], a parasitic infection in humans. The life cycle of Anisakis involves fish, crustaceans, and marine mammals, with humans becoming incidental hosts through the consumption of infested fish. | ||
[[File:Anisakis_simplex.jpg|thumb|Anisakis simplex, a common species of Anisakis]] | [[File:Anisakis_simplex.jpg|thumb|Anisakis simplex, a common species of Anisakis]] | ||
=== Characteristics === | === Characteristics === | ||
Anisakis nematodes are characterized by their thread-like appearance and are primarily found in the marine environment. They are known for their complex life cycle that includes multiple hosts. | Anisakis nematodes are characterized by their thread-like appearance and are primarily found in the marine environment. They are known for their complex life cycle that includes multiple hosts. | ||
=== Life Cycle === | === Life Cycle === | ||
The typical life cycle of Anisakis involves: | The typical life cycle of Anisakis involves: | ||
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* Marine mammals eating the infected fish, thus continuing the cycle. | * Marine mammals eating the infected fish, thus continuing the cycle. | ||
* Humans become accidental hosts when consuming raw or undercooked fish containing Anisakis larvae. | * Humans become accidental hosts when consuming raw or undercooked fish containing Anisakis larvae. | ||
=== Human Infection - Anisakiasis === | === Human Infection - Anisakiasis === | ||
[[Anisakiasis]] is the disease caused by the ingestion of Anisakis larvae. Symptoms may include: | [[Anisakiasis]] is the disease caused by the ingestion of Anisakis larvae. Symptoms may include: | ||
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* Diarrhea | * Diarrhea | ||
* Allergic reactions in some individuals | * Allergic reactions in some individuals | ||
=== Diagnosis and Treatment === | === Diagnosis and Treatment === | ||
Diagnosis typically involves endoscopy and the visual identification of the parasite. Treatment usually involves removal of the larvae via endoscopy and sometimes surgical intervention in severe cases. | Diagnosis typically involves endoscopy and the visual identification of the parasite. Treatment usually involves removal of the larvae via endoscopy and sometimes surgical intervention in severe cases. | ||
=== Prevention === | === Prevention === | ||
Prevention of anisakiasis involves: | Prevention of anisakiasis involves: | ||
* Adequately cooking fish | * Adequately cooking fish | ||
* Freezing fish at - | * Freezing fish at -20°C (-4°F) for at least 24 hours | ||
== External Links == | == External Links == | ||
* [https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/anisakiasis/index.html CDC: Anisakiasis] | * [https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/anisakiasis/index.html CDC: Anisakiasis] | ||
* [https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/food-safety World Health Organization: Food Safety] | * [https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/food-safety World Health Organization: Food Safety] | ||
[[Category:Parasites]] | [[Category:Parasites]] | ||
[[Category:Zoonotic diseases]] | [[Category:Zoonotic diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Foodborne illnesses]] | [[Category:Foodborne illnesses]] | ||
{{med-stub}} | {{med-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 13:43, 4 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Anisakiasis | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea |
| Complications | Bowel obstruction, peritonitis |
| Onset | Minutes to hours after ingestion |
| Duration | Days to weeks |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Ingestion of raw or undercooked fish or squid containing Anisakis larvae |
| Risks | Consumption of raw or undercooked seafood |
| Diagnosis | Endoscopy, biopsy, serology |
| Differential diagnosis | Appendicitis, gastroenteritis, peptic ulcer disease |
| Prevention | Proper cooking or freezing of seafood |
| Treatment | Endoscopic removal of larvae, surgery if necessary |
| Medication | Albendazole (in some cases) |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment |
| Frequency | Common in areas where raw fish is consumed |
| Deaths | N/A |
Anisakis is a genus of parasitic nematodes belonging to the family Anisakidae. Species within this genus are known for causing Anisakiasis, a parasitic infection in humans. The life cycle of Anisakis involves fish, crustaceans, and marine mammals, with humans becoming incidental hosts through the consumption of infested fish.
Characteristics[edit]
Anisakis nematodes are characterized by their thread-like appearance and are primarily found in the marine environment. They are known for their complex life cycle that includes multiple hosts.
Life Cycle[edit]
The typical life cycle of Anisakis involves:
- Eggs being released into the sea by infected marine mammals.
- The larvae hatching and being eaten by crustaceans.
- Infected crustaceans being consumed by fish or squid, where the larvae then migrate to the muscles.
- Marine mammals eating the infected fish, thus continuing the cycle.
- Humans become accidental hosts when consuming raw or undercooked fish containing Anisakis larvae.
Human Infection - Anisakiasis[edit]
Anisakiasis is the disease caused by the ingestion of Anisakis larvae. Symptoms may include:
- Severe abdominal pain
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Allergic reactions in some individuals
Diagnosis and Treatment[edit]
Diagnosis typically involves endoscopy and the visual identification of the parasite. Treatment usually involves removal of the larvae via endoscopy and sometimes surgical intervention in severe cases.
Prevention[edit]
Prevention of anisakiasis involves:
- Adequately cooking fish
- Freezing fish at -20°C (-4°F) for at least 24 hours
External Links[edit]
