Citrobacter koseri: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Citrobacter koseri infection | |||
| synonyms = ''Citrobacter diversus'' infection | |||
| field = [[Infectious disease]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Fever]], [[headache]], [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[seizures]] | |||
| complications = [[Meningitis]], [[brain abscess]], [[sepsis]] | |||
| onset = Variable, often acute | |||
| duration = Variable, can be chronic if untreated | |||
| causes = [[Citrobacter koseri]] | |||
| risks = [[Neonates]], [[immunocompromised]] individuals | |||
| diagnosis = [[Blood culture]], [[cerebrospinal fluid analysis]] | |||
| differential = [[Bacterial meningitis]], [[viral meningitis]], [[brain abscess]] | |||
| prevention = [[Hygiene]], [[infection control]] measures | |||
| treatment = [[Antibiotics]] such as [[ampicillin]], [[gentamicin]], [[cephalosporins]] | |||
| medication = [[Antibiotics]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, can be severe in neonates | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Citrobacter koseri''' is a [[Gram-negative bacteria|Gram-negative]], [[Facultative anaerobic bacteria|facultative anaerobic]], [[Flagellum|flagellated]], [[rod-shaped bacteria]] that is commonly found in the environment and the human intestinal tract. It is a member of the [[Enterobacteriaceae]] family and is named after the American bacteriologist, [[Bernhard W. Koser]]. | '''Citrobacter koseri''' is a [[Gram-negative bacteria|Gram-negative]], [[Facultative anaerobic bacteria|facultative anaerobic]], [[Flagellum|flagellated]], [[rod-shaped bacteria]] that is commonly found in the environment and the human intestinal tract. It is a member of the [[Enterobacteriaceae]] family and is named after the American bacteriologist, [[Bernhard W. Koser]]. | ||
==Characteristics== | ==Characteristics== | ||
Citrobacter koseri is a [[Motility|motile]] bacterium, possessing peritrichous [[flagella]]. It is capable of fermenting [[lactose]] within 48 hours, producing [[colony (biology)|colonies]] that are moist, smooth, and cream-colored. The bacterium is also capable of producing [[indole]] and [[hydrogen sulfide]]. | Citrobacter koseri is a [[Motility|motile]] bacterium, possessing peritrichous [[flagella]]. It is capable of fermenting [[lactose]] within 48 hours, producing [[colony (biology)|colonies]] that are moist, smooth, and cream-colored. The bacterium is also capable of producing [[indole]] and [[hydrogen sulfide]]. | ||
==Pathogenicity== | ==Pathogenicity== | ||
While Citrobacter koseri is a normal inhabitant of the human gut, it can cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals. These infections can include [[urinary tract infection]]s, [[respiratory tract infection]]s, [[sepsis]], and [[meningitis]]. In particular, Citrobacter koseri is known to cause neonatal meningitis, leading to brain abscesses and significant mortality. | While Citrobacter koseri is a normal inhabitant of the human gut, it can cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals. These infections can include [[urinary tract infection]]s, [[respiratory tract infection]]s, [[sepsis]], and [[meningitis]]. In particular, Citrobacter koseri is known to cause neonatal meningitis, leading to brain abscesses and significant mortality. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment of Citrobacter koseri infections typically involves the use of [[antibiotics]]. However, the bacterium has shown resistance to several commonly used antibiotics, including [[ampicillin]] and first-generation [[cephalosporin]]s. Therefore, treatment often involves the use of third-generation cephalosporins, [[aminoglycoside]]s, or [[quinolone]]s. | Treatment of Citrobacter koseri infections typically involves the use of [[antibiotics]]. However, the bacterium has shown resistance to several commonly used antibiotics, including [[ampicillin]] and first-generation [[cephalosporin]]s. Therefore, treatment often involves the use of third-generation cephalosporins, [[aminoglycoside]]s, or [[quinolone]]s. | ||
==Epidemiology== | ==Epidemiology== | ||
Citrobacter koseri is found worldwide and can be isolated from a variety of environmental sources, including soil, water, and food. It is also a common inhabitant of the human gut, particularly in infants. However, it is not a common cause of disease, with infections typically occurring in immunocompromised individuals. | Citrobacter koseri is found worldwide and can be isolated from a variety of environmental sources, including soil, water, and food. It is also a common inhabitant of the human gut, particularly in infants. However, it is not a common cause of disease, with infections typically occurring in immunocompromised individuals. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Citrobacter]] | * [[Citrobacter]] | ||
* [[Enterobacteriaceae]] | * [[Enterobacteriaceae]] | ||
* [[Opportunistic infection]] | * [[Opportunistic infection]] | ||
[[Category:Bacteria]] | [[Category:Bacteria]] | ||
[[Category:Gram-negative bacteria]] | [[Category:Gram-negative bacteria]] | ||
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{{Medicine-stub}} | {{Medicine-stub}} | ||
{{No image}} | {{No image}} | ||
Latest revision as of 05:09, 4 April 2025
| Citrobacter koseri infection | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Citrobacter diversus infection |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, seizures |
| Complications | Meningitis, brain abscess, sepsis |
| Onset | Variable, often acute |
| Duration | Variable, can be chronic if untreated |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Citrobacter koseri |
| Risks | Neonates, immunocompromised individuals |
| Diagnosis | Blood culture, cerebrospinal fluid analysis |
| Differential diagnosis | Bacterial meningitis, viral meningitis, brain abscess |
| Prevention | Hygiene, infection control measures |
| Treatment | Antibiotics such as ampicillin, gentamicin, cephalosporins |
| Medication | Antibiotics |
| Prognosis | Variable, can be severe in neonates |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Citrobacter koseri is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, flagellated, rod-shaped bacteria that is commonly found in the environment and the human intestinal tract. It is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family and is named after the American bacteriologist, Bernhard W. Koser.
Characteristics[edit]
Citrobacter koseri is a motile bacterium, possessing peritrichous flagella. It is capable of fermenting lactose within 48 hours, producing colonies that are moist, smooth, and cream-colored. The bacterium is also capable of producing indole and hydrogen sulfide.
Pathogenicity[edit]
While Citrobacter koseri is a normal inhabitant of the human gut, it can cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals. These infections can include urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, sepsis, and meningitis. In particular, Citrobacter koseri is known to cause neonatal meningitis, leading to brain abscesses and significant mortality.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment of Citrobacter koseri infections typically involves the use of antibiotics. However, the bacterium has shown resistance to several commonly used antibiotics, including ampicillin and first-generation cephalosporins. Therefore, treatment often involves the use of third-generation cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, or quinolones.
Epidemiology[edit]
Citrobacter koseri is found worldwide and can be isolated from a variety of environmental sources, including soil, water, and food. It is also a common inhabitant of the human gut, particularly in infants. However, it is not a common cause of disease, with infections typically occurring in immunocompromised individuals.
See also[edit]
