Superficial acral fibromyxoma: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Superficial acral fibromyxoma | |||
| synonyms = Digital fibromyxoma | |||
| specialty = [[Dermatology]], [[Pathology]] | |||
| symptoms = Slow-growing, painless mass on fingers or toes | |||
| onset = Typically in adults | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = Unknown | |||
| risks = None specifically identified | |||
| diagnosis = [[Histopathology]] | |||
| differential = [[Myxoid cyst]], [[Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath]], [[Dermatofibroma]] | |||
| treatment = [[Surgical excision]] | |||
| prognosis = Excellent with complete excision | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Superficial acral fibromyxoma''' is a rare, benign [[tumor]] that primarily affects the [[skin]] and soft tissues of the hands and feet. It was first described in 2001 by Fetsch et al., and since then, over 100 cases have been reported worldwide. | '''Superficial acral fibromyxoma''' is a rare, benign [[tumor]] that primarily affects the [[skin]] and soft tissues of the hands and feet. It was first described in 2001 by Fetsch et al., and since then, over 100 cases have been reported worldwide. | ||
==Epidemiology== | ==Epidemiology== | ||
Superficial acral fibromyxoma typically affects adults between the ages of 40 and 70, with a slight male predominance. It is extremely rare in children. The exact incidence and prevalence of this condition are unknown due to its rarity. | Superficial acral fibromyxoma typically affects adults between the ages of 40 and 70, with a slight male predominance. It is extremely rare in children. The exact incidence and prevalence of this condition are unknown due to its rarity. | ||
==Pathogenesis== | ==Pathogenesis== | ||
The pathogenesis of superficial acral fibromyxoma is not well understood. It is believed to originate from the [[fibroblasts]] or [[myofibroblasts]] in the superficial dermis or subcutaneous tissue. Some studies suggest a possible association with trauma or chronic irritation, but this has not been definitively proven. | The pathogenesis of superficial acral fibromyxoma is not well understood. It is believed to originate from the [[fibroblasts]] or [[myofibroblasts]] in the superficial dermis or subcutaneous tissue. Some studies suggest a possible association with trauma or chronic irritation, but this has not been definitively proven. | ||
==Clinical Presentation== | ==Clinical Presentation== | ||
Patients with superficial acral fibromyxoma usually present with a slow-growing, painless mass on the fingers or toes. The mass is typically firm and well-circumscribed, and can range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters. Skin overlying the mass may appear normal or may show changes such as discoloration or ulceration. | Patients with superficial acral fibromyxoma usually present with a slow-growing, painless mass on the fingers or toes. The mass is typically firm and well-circumscribed, and can range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters. Skin overlying the mass may appear normal or may show changes such as discoloration or ulceration. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of superficial acral fibromyxoma is primarily based on histopathological examination of the tumor. [[Immunohistochemistry]] studies are often helpful in confirming the diagnosis. Imaging studies such as [[MRI]] or [[ultrasound]] may be used to assess the extent of the tumor and to plan for surgical removal. | Diagnosis of superficial acral fibromyxoma is primarily based on histopathological examination of the tumor. [[Immunohistochemistry]] studies are often helpful in confirming the diagnosis. Imaging studies such as [[MRI]] or [[ultrasound]] may be used to assess the extent of the tumor and to plan for surgical removal. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
The mainstay of treatment for superficial acral fibromyxoma is surgical excision of the tumor. Due to the risk of local recurrence, wide excision with clear margins is recommended. In cases where surgery is not feasible or the tumor is recurrent, other treatment options such as [[radiotherapy]] or [[chemotherapy]] may be considered. | The mainstay of treatment for superficial acral fibromyxoma is surgical excision of the tumor. Due to the risk of local recurrence, wide excision with clear margins is recommended. In cases where surgery is not feasible or the tumor is recurrent, other treatment options such as [[radiotherapy]] or [[chemotherapy]] may be considered. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for patients with superficial acral fibromyxoma is generally good. The tumor is benign and does not metastasize. However, there is a risk of local recurrence, particularly if the tumor is not completely removed. | The prognosis for patients with superficial acral fibromyxoma is generally good. The tumor is benign and does not metastasize. However, there is a risk of local recurrence, particularly if the tumor is not completely removed. | ||
[[Category:Dermatology]] | [[Category:Dermatology]] | ||
[[Category:Pathology]] | [[Category:Pathology]] | ||
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{{Oncology-stub}} | {{Oncology-stub}} | ||
{{No image}} | {{No image}} | ||
Latest revision as of 03:53, 4 April 2025
| Superficial acral fibromyxoma | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Digital fibromyxoma |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | Dermatology, Pathology |
| Symptoms | Slow-growing, painless mass on fingers or toes |
| Complications | N/A |
| Onset | Typically in adults |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Unknown |
| Risks | None specifically identified |
| Diagnosis | Histopathology |
| Differential diagnosis | Myxoid cyst, Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, Dermatofibroma |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Surgical excision |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Excellent with complete excision |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Superficial acral fibromyxoma is a rare, benign tumor that primarily affects the skin and soft tissues of the hands and feet. It was first described in 2001 by Fetsch et al., and since then, over 100 cases have been reported worldwide.
Epidemiology[edit]
Superficial acral fibromyxoma typically affects adults between the ages of 40 and 70, with a slight male predominance. It is extremely rare in children. The exact incidence and prevalence of this condition are unknown due to its rarity.
Pathogenesis[edit]
The pathogenesis of superficial acral fibromyxoma is not well understood. It is believed to originate from the fibroblasts or myofibroblasts in the superficial dermis or subcutaneous tissue. Some studies suggest a possible association with trauma or chronic irritation, but this has not been definitively proven.
Clinical Presentation[edit]
Patients with superficial acral fibromyxoma usually present with a slow-growing, painless mass on the fingers or toes. The mass is typically firm and well-circumscribed, and can range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters. Skin overlying the mass may appear normal or may show changes such as discoloration or ulceration.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of superficial acral fibromyxoma is primarily based on histopathological examination of the tumor. Immunohistochemistry studies are often helpful in confirming the diagnosis. Imaging studies such as MRI or ultrasound may be used to assess the extent of the tumor and to plan for surgical removal.
Treatment[edit]
The mainstay of treatment for superficial acral fibromyxoma is surgical excision of the tumor. Due to the risk of local recurrence, wide excision with clear margins is recommended. In cases where surgery is not feasible or the tumor is recurrent, other treatment options such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy may be considered.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for patients with superficial acral fibromyxoma is generally good. The tumor is benign and does not metastasize. However, there is a risk of local recurrence, particularly if the tumor is not completely removed.
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