Holmes heart

Holmes Heart is a rare congenital heart disease characterized by a unique combination of cardiac defects. The condition is named after Dr. Robert Holmes, who first described it in the medical literature.

Symptoms and Signs

Patients with Holmes Heart typically present with symptoms of congestive heart failure such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and edema. Other signs may include cyanosis, heart murmur, and arrhythmia.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of Holmes Heart is usually made based on the findings of an echocardiogram. Other diagnostic tests may include electrocardiogram, cardiac MRI, and cardiac catheterization.

Treatment

The treatment of Holmes Heart is primarily surgical. The specific surgical procedure depends on the individual patient's cardiac anatomy and the severity of their symptoms. Other treatments may include medications to manage symptoms of heart failure and arrhythmia.

Prognosis

The prognosis for patients with Holmes Heart varies widely. Some patients may live well into adulthood with appropriate treatment, while others may have a significantly shortened lifespan due to complications of the disease.

See Also

• Congenital heart disease
• Heart failure
• Arrhythmia

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