County executive

County Executive

A County Executive is a chief executive officer of a county government in the United States. The role and powers of a county executive can vary significantly depending on the state and the specific county charter. This position is typically found in counties that have adopted a county executive form of government, which is a form of county government that includes a separately elected executive.

History

The concept of a county executive emerged in the 20th century as part of efforts to reform local government and make it more efficient and accountable. Prior to this, counties were often governed by a board of commissioners or supervisors, which collectively made decisions and managed the county's affairs. The introduction of a county executive was intended to centralize executive authority and provide a single point of accountability.

Powers and Responsibilities

The powers and responsibilities of a county executive can include:

• Budget Preparation: The county executive is often responsible for preparing and submitting the annual county budget to the county council or board of supervisors for approval.
• Appointment Authority: The county executive may have the power to appoint heads of county departments and agencies, subject to confirmation by the county council.
• Veto Power: In some counties, the executive has the power to veto legislation passed by the county council, although this veto can often be overridden by a supermajority vote.
• Policy Implementation: The county executive is responsible for implementing policies and ordinances passed by the county council.
• Public Safety and Emergency Management: The executive may oversee public safety departments and coordinate emergency management efforts.

Election and Term

County executives are typically elected by the voters of the county. The term length can vary, but it is commonly four years. Some counties may impose term limits on the county executive to prevent the concentration of power.

Variations by State

The role of a county executive can vary widely from state to state. For example:

• In Maryland, the county executive is a prominent figure with significant authority over county operations.
• In New York, the county executive is the chief executive officer of the county and has substantial control over the budget and administration.
• In Wisconsin, the county executive has similar powers but may share some responsibilities with the county board.

Notable County Executives

Several county executives have gained prominence either through their leadership or as stepping stones to higher political office. For example:

• Chris Abele, former County Executive of Milwaukee County, Wisconsin.
• Steve Bellone, County Executive of Suffolk County, New York.
• Isiah Leggett, former County Executive of Montgomery County, Maryland.

See Also

• County government in the United States
• Local government in the United States
• Mayor

References

• "County Executive." National Association of Counties. [1]
• "The Role of County Executives." American County Government Journal.