List of benzimidazole opioids: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 06:21, 5 March 2025

List of benzimidazole opioids

Benzimidazole Opioids[edit]

Benzimidazole opioids are a class of synthetic opioids that are structurally related to the benzimidazole chemical structure. These compounds are known for their potent analgesic effects and are often used in research settings to study opioid receptor interactions. The benzimidazole opioids are of particular interest due to their high affinity for the mu-opioid receptor, which is the primary target for opioid analgesics.

General Characteristics[edit]

Benzimidazole opioids typically feature a benzimidazole core structure, which is a bicyclic compound consisting of a benzene ring fused to an imidazole ring. This core structure is modified with various substituents to produce different compounds with varying pharmacological properties. The modifications can affect the potency, duration of action, and receptor selectivity of the opioids.

List of Benzimidazole Opioids[edit]

The following is a list of notable benzimidazole opioids, each with unique chemical structures and pharmacological profiles:

Nitazenes[edit]

Nitazenes are a subclass of benzimidazole opioids that have gained attention for their potent analgesic properties. They are characterized by the presence of a nitro group on the benzimidazole ring.

Isotonitazene
Metonitazene
Protonitazene

Etazenes[edit]

Etazenes are another subclass of benzimidazole opioids, known for their high potency and efficacy at the mu-opioid receptor.

Etazene

Metodesnitazenes[edit]

Metodesnitazenes are derivatives of nitazenes with modifications that enhance their pharmacological activity.

Metodesnitazene

Pyrrolidine Etodesnitazenes[edit]

These compounds are characterized by the addition of a pyrrolidine ring, which can alter their interaction with opioid receptors.

Pyrrolidine Etodesnitazene

Metodesnitazepynes[edit]

Metodesnitazepynes are a unique subclass with a distinct chemical structure that includes a pyrazine ring.

Metodesnitazepyne

Pharmacology[edit]

Benzimidazole opioids primarily act as agonists at the mu-opioid receptor, which is responsible for their analgesic effects. They may also interact with other opioid receptors, such as the delta and kappa receptors, contributing to their overall pharmacological profile. The potency and efficacy of these compounds can vary significantly, with some being several times more potent than morphine.

Safety and Legal Status[edit]

Due to their high potency and potential for abuse, many benzimidazole opioids are controlled substances in various jurisdictions. Their use is typically restricted to research settings, and they are not approved for medical use in humans.

Related Pages[edit]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{DISPLAYTITLE:List of benzimidazole opioids}}
+{{Short description|List of benzimidazole opioids}}
-The '''benzimidazole opioids''' are a class of synthetic opioids that are structurally related to the benzimidazole chemical structure. These compounds are known for their potent analgesic properties and are primarily used in research settings. They are not commonly used in clinical practice due to their high potency and potential for abuse.
+==Benzimidazole Opioids==
+Benzimidazole opioids are a class of synthetic opioids that are structurally related to the benzimidazole chemical structure. These compounds are known for their potent analgesic effects and are often used in research settings to study opioid receptor interactions. The benzimidazole opioids are of particular interest due to their high affinity for the [[mu-opioid receptor]], which is the primary target for opioid analgesics.
-==Chemical Structure==
+[[File:Nitazene_general.png|General structure of nitazenes|thumb|right]]
-The benzimidazole opioids are characterized by the presence of a benzimidazole ring, which is a bicyclic compound consisting of a benzene ring fused to an imidazole ring. This structure is crucial for the binding affinity and activity of these compounds at the [[opioid receptor|opioid receptors]].
-[[File:Nitazene_general.png|General structure of nitazenes|thumb|right]]
+===General Characteristics===
+Benzimidazole opioids typically feature a benzimidazole core structure, which is a bicyclic compound consisting of a benzene ring fused to an imidazole ring. This core structure is modified with various substituents to produce different compounds with varying pharmacological properties. The modifications can affect the potency, duration of action, and receptor selectivity of the opioids.
 ==List of Benzimidazole Opioids==
+The following is a list of notable benzimidazole opioids, each with unique chemical structures and pharmacological profiles:
 ===Nitazenes===
-The nitazenes are a prominent subgroup of benzimidazole opioids. They are known for their high potency and have been the subject of research due to their potential as analgesics.
+Nitazenes are a subclass of benzimidazole opioids that have gained attention for their potent analgesic properties. They are characterized by the presence of a nitro group on the benzimidazole ring.
+* '''Isotonitazene'''
+* '''Metonitazene'''
+* '''Protonitazene'''
+[[File:DEAE-BN-BI_structure.png|Structure of DEAE-BN-BI|thumb|left]]
+===Etazenes===
+Etazenes are another subclass of benzimidazole opioids, known for their high potency and efficacy at the mu-opioid receptor.
+* '''Etazene'''
-* '''[[Nitazene]]'''
+[[File:Etazene.svg|Structure of Etazene|thumb|right]]
-  * [[File:Nitazene_structure.png|Structure of Nitazene|thumb|left]]
-  * Nitazene is one of the first compounds in this class to be synthesized. It exhibits strong analgesic effects but is not used clinically due to its potency and risk of overdose.
-* '''[[Etazene]]'''
+===Metodesnitazenes===
-  * [[File:Etazene.svg|Structure of Etazene|thumb|right]]
+Metodesnitazenes are derivatives of nitazenes with modifications that enhance their pharmacological activity.
-  * Etazene is another potent opioid in the nitazene series. It has been studied for its analgesic properties but is not approved for medical use.
-* '''[[Metodesnitazene]]'''
+* '''Metodesnitazene'''
-  * [[File:Metodesnitazene_structure.png|Structure of Metodesnitazene|thumb|left]]
-  * Metodesnitazene is a derivative of nitazene with modifications that enhance its binding to opioid receptors.
-* '''[[Metodesnitazepyne]]'''
+[[File:Metodesnitazene_structure.png|Structure of Metodesnitazene|thumb|left]]
-  * [[File:Metodesnitazepyne_structure.png|Structure of Metodesnitazepyne|thumb|right]]
-  * This compound is similar to metodesnitazene but with additional structural changes that affect its pharmacological profile.
-* '''[[Protodesnitazene]]'''
+===Pyrrolidine Etodesnitazenes===
-  * [[File:Protodesnitazene_structure.png|Structure of Protodesnitazene|thumb|left]]
+These compounds are characterized by the addition of a pyrrolidine ring, which can alter their interaction with opioid receptors.
-  * Protodesnitazene is another analog in the nitazene series, known for its potent opioid activity.
-* '''[[Isotodesnitazene]]'''
+* '''Pyrrolidine Etodesnitazene'''
-  * [[File:Isotodesnitazene_structure.png|Structure of Isotodesnitazene|thumb|right]]
-  * Isotodesnitazene is a structural isomer of other nitazenes, with similar pharmacological effects.
-===Other Benzimidazole Opioids===
+[[File:Pyrrolidine-etodesnitazene_structure.png|Structure of Pyrrolidine Etodesnitazene|thumb|right]]
-* '''[[DEAE-BN-BI]]'''
+===Metodesnitazepynes===
-  * [[File:DEAE-BN-BI_structure.png|Structure of DEAE-BN-BI|thumb|left]]
+Metodesnitazepynes are a unique subclass with a distinct chemical structure that includes a pyrazine ring.
-  * DEAE-BN-BI is a less common benzimidazole opioid, studied for its unique binding properties.
-* '''[[Pyrrolidine-etodesnitazene]]'''
+* '''Metodesnitazepyne'''
-  * [[File:Pyrrolidine-etodesnitazene_structure.png|Structure of Pyrrolidine-etodesnitazene|thumb|right]]
-  * This compound features a pyrrolidine ring, which alters its interaction with opioid receptors.
-* '''[[Piperidine-etodesnitazene]]'''
+[[File:Metodesnitazepyne_structure.png|Structure of Metodesnitazepyne|thumb|left]]
-  * [[File:Piperidine-etodesnitazene_structure.png|Structure of Piperidine-etodesnitazene|thumb|left]]
-  * Piperidine-etodesnitazene includes a piperidine moiety, contributing to its distinct pharmacological profile.
 ==Pharmacology==
-Benzimidazole opioids act primarily as agonists at the [[mu-opioid receptor|μ-opioid receptors]], which are responsible for their analgesic effects. Their high potency is due to their strong binding affinity to these receptors. However, this also increases the risk of adverse effects such as respiratory depression, which can be life-threatening.
+Benzimidazole opioids primarily act as agonists at the mu-opioid receptor, which is responsible for their analgesic effects. They may also interact with other opioid receptors, such as the delta and kappa receptors, contributing to their overall pharmacological profile. The potency and efficacy of these compounds can vary significantly, with some being several times more potent than morphine.
-==Legal Status==
+==Safety and Legal Status==
-Due to their high potency and potential for abuse, many benzimidazole opioids are classified as controlled substances in various countries. They are primarily used in research settings and are not approved for medical use in humans.
+Due to their high potency and potential for abuse, many benzimidazole opioids are controlled substances in various jurisdictions. Their use is typically restricted to research settings, and they are not approved for medical use in humans.
 ==Related Pages==
 * [[Opioid]]
+* [[Mu-opioid receptor]]
 * [[Analgesic]]
-* [[Controlled substance]]
 [[Category:Benzimidazole opioids]]
 [[Category:Opioids]]