Nidovirales

Nidovirales is an order of viruses that infect various species of animals, including humans. The order is named from the Latin nidus, meaning "nest", which refers to this group's production of a 3' co-terminal nested set of subgenomic mRNAs during infection.

Taxonomy

The order Nidovirales is divided into four families:

• Arteriviridae
• Coronaviridae
• Mesoniviridae
• Roniviridae

Each of these families contains various genera and species of viruses.

Structure and Genome

Nidovirales are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome. The genome size of these viruses ranges from 13 to 32 kilobases, the largest known among RNA viruses.

Replication

The replication of Nidovirales involves the production of a nested set of messenger RNAs. The replication is cytoplasmic, and the virion is spherical with helical symmetry.

Pathogenesis

Nidovirales can cause a variety of diseases in animals, including respiratory, gastrointestinal, and neurological diseases. Some well-known diseases caused by viruses in this order include Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (caused by an arterivirus) and Severe acute respiratory syndrome (caused by a coronavirus).

See also

• Virus classification
• Viral replication
• Viral diseases

References

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Nidovirales

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  Taxonomy tree of the order Nidovirales