Myenteric plexus

Myenteric plexus (also known as Auerbach's plexus) is a network of nerve fibers and neuron cell bodies located in the gastrointestinal tract. It is one of the main components of the enteric nervous system, which controls the function of the gastrointestinal tract.

Anatomy

The myenteric plexus is located between the longitudinal muscle and circular muscle layers of the muscularis externa in the gastrointestinal tract. It extends from the esophagus to the anus, with the highest concentration of neurons in the stomach and small intestine.

Function

The primary function of the myenteric plexus is to control the motility of the gastrointestinal tract. It does this by coordinating the contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle layers of the muscularis externa. This allows for the movement of food and waste through the digestive system.

Clinical significance

Disorders of the myenteric plexus can lead to a variety of gastrointestinal diseases, including achalasia, gastroparesis, and Hirschsprung's disease. These conditions can cause symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, nausea, vomiting, and constipation.

See also

• Submucosal plexus
• Enteric nervous system
• Gastrointestinal tract

References

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  Gray's Anatomy illustration of the myenteric plexus
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  Diagram of gastrointestinal organization