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Revision as of 01:19, 20 February 2025
Cutaneous larva migrans is a skin disease in humans, caused by the larvae of various nematode parasites of the hookworm family (Ancylostomatidae). The most common species causing this disease in the Americas are Ancylostoma braziliense and Ancylostoma caninum, both of which are found in the feces of dogs and cats.
Causes
Cutaneous larva migrans is caused by infection with hookworm larvae in contaminated soil. The larvae are able to penetrate the skin and migrate under the skin's surface, causing intense itching and a characteristic serpiginous track marking.
Symptoms
The main symptom of cutaneous larva migrans is intense itching, which is caused by the migration of the larvae under the skin. The larvae leave a characteristic serpiginous track, which is a visible red line that moves as the larvae migrate. Other symptoms may include a rash, blisters, and swelling.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of cutaneous larva migrans is primarily based on the characteristic clinical presentation. The history of exposure to a potentially contaminated environment, such as a beach or a sandbox, is also important. Laboratory tests are not usually necessary, but a skin biopsy may be performed in some cases.
Treatment
The treatment of cutaneous larva migrans includes oral medications such as albendazole and ivermectin. Topical treatments, such as thiabendazole, can also be used. In some cases, the infection may resolve on its own without treatment.
Prevention
Prevention of cutaneous larva migrans involves avoiding contact with potentially contaminated soil, especially in areas where dogs and cats are present. Wearing protective footwear in these areas can also help prevent infection.
