Dianthus barbatus

Dianthus barbatus (also known as Sweet William) is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae, native to southern Europe and parts of Asia. It has become a popular ornamental garden plant and is widely cultivated worldwide.

Description

Dianthus barbatus is a biennial or short-lived perennial plant, growing to 13–92 cm tall. The leaves are green to greyish green, slender, up to 15 cm long. The flowers are produced in a dense cluster of up to 30 at the top of the stems and have a spicy, clove-like scent; each flower is 2–3 cm diameter with five petals with serrated edges; in wild plants the petals are red with a white base.

Cultivation

Dianthus barbatus is popular in horticulture, and many cultivars have been developed with a range of colours from white, pink, red, and purple to variegated patterns. It is hardy to USDA Zones 3–9, and prefers sun to partial shade. It is often grown as a biennial, sown one year to flower the next, and is ideal for creating a bold splash of colour in the garden.

Uses

In addition to its popularity as an ornamental plant, Dianthus barbatus has been used in traditional medicine. The plant has been used as a herbal remedy for ailments such as digestive disorders and skin conditions.

Cultural Significance

The common name "Sweet William" is often said to be after William Shakespeare, but the origins of the name are not definitively known. The plant is a symbol of gallantry and is often used in floral arrangements and as a cut flower.

See Also

• Caryophyllaceae
• Dianthus
• Floriculture
• Herbal Medicine

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