Low-density polyethylene

Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is a type of polyethylene, a common plastic polymer, that is known for its low density and flexibility. It was the first grade of polyethylene, produced in 1933 by Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) using a high pressure process via free radical polymerization.

Etymology

The term "low-density polyethylene" is derived from its characteristics. "Low-density" refers to its lighter weight compared to other forms of polyethylene, and "polyethylene" is derived from "polymer of ethylene", as it is produced from the polymerization of ethylene.

Properties

LDPE is defined by a density range of 0.910–0.940 g/cm3. It is not reactive at room temperatures, except by strong oxidizing agents, and some solvents cause swelling. It can withstand temperatures of 80 °C continuously and 95 °C for a short time. Made in translucent or opaque variations, it is quite flexible and tough.

Applications

LDPE is widely used for manufacturing various containers, dispensing bottles, wash bottles, tubing, plastic bags for computer components, and various molded laboratory equipment. Its most common use is in plastic bags.

Related Terms

• Polyethylene
• Imperial Chemical Industries
• Polymerization
• Ethylene

See Also

• High-density polyethylene
• Polypropylene
• Polyvinyl chloride

References

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