Motor coordination

Motor coordination is the combination of body movements created with the kinesthetic (or sense of position) and the proprioceptive (or sense of movement) senses. It involves the integration of various body parts to produce well-timed, fluid motion. Motor coordination is achieved when subsequent parts of the same movement, or the movements of several limbs or body parts are combined in a manner that is well timed and fluid.

Overview

Motor coordination is a complex skill that requires the integration of a number of different sensory inputs and motor outputs. This process involves the brain, nerves, and muscles working together to produce movements that are smooth, efficient, and coordinated.

Components of Motor Coordination

Motor coordination consists of three main components:

1. Gross Motor Skills: These are the abilities required in order to control the large muscles of the body for walking, running, sitting, crawling, and other activities.
2. Fine Motor Skills: These are the abilities required to control the small muscles of the body for actions such as writing, grasping small objects, and fastening clothing.
3. Balance: This is the ability to maintain a controlled body position during task performance, whether it is sitting at a table, walking the balance beam, or stepping up onto a kerb.

Disorders of Motor Coordination

There are several disorders that can affect motor coordination, including:

1. Dyspraxia: This is a neurological disorder that affects an individual's ability to plan and process motor tasks.
2. Ataxia: This is a degenerative disease of the nervous system. Symptoms are clumsiness, imprecise movement, a gait disturbance and difficulties with speech.
3. Parkinson's Disease: This is a long-term degenerative disorder of the nervous system that mainly affects the motor system.

Treatment and Management

Treatment for motor coordination disorders typically involves physical and occupational therapy. Therapists work with the individual to help improve their motor skills and to manage their symptoms. In some cases, medication may also be used to help manage symptoms.

See Also

• Motor Skills
• Motor Control
• Motor Learning
• Motor Development

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