Gamma delta T cell: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 19:06, 16 February 2025

Gamma delta T cells are a small subset of T cells that possess a distinct T cell receptor (TCR) on their surface. Most T cells are alpha-beta (αβ) T cells with TCR composed of an alpha (α) chain and a beta (β) chain. Unlike αβ T cells, γδ T cells are able to recognize non-peptidic antigens without the need for antigen presenting cells.

Etymology

The name "Gamma delta T cells" comes from the type of T cell receptor (TCR) they express on their cell surface. This TCR is made up of one gamma (γ) chain and one delta (δ) chain, which is different from the alpha (α) and beta (β) chain found on most T cells.

Function

Gamma delta T cells are primarily found in the gut mucosa, where they are believed to contribute to immune responses. They are particularly effective at fighting certain types of infections, including those caused by Mycobacteria and Listeria, and may also play a role in autoimmune diseases.

Related Terms

References

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-== Gamma Delta T Cells ==
+'''Gamma delta T cells''' are a small subset of [[T cells]] that possess a distinct [[T cell receptor]] (TCR) on their surface. Most T cells are alpha-beta (αβ) T cells with TCR composed of an alpha (α) chain and a beta (β) chain. Unlike αβ T cells, γδ T cells are able to recognize non-peptidic antigens without the need for antigen presenting cells.
-[[File:Gamma_delta_T_cell_Mouse.C57BL6.Vgamma.locus.jpg|thumb|right|Diagram of the Vgamma locus in C57BL/6 mice]]
+==Etymology==
+The name "Gamma delta T cells" comes from the type of T cell receptor (TCR) they express on their cell surface. This TCR is made up of one gamma (γ) chain and one delta (δ) chain, which is different from the alpha (α) and beta (β) chain found on most T cells.
-'''Gamma delta T cells''' (__ T cells) are a unique subset of [[T cells]] that possess a distinct T-cell receptor (TCR) on their surface, composed of one gamma (_) chain and one delta (_) chain. Unlike the more common [[alpha beta T cells]], which express TCRs composed of alpha (_) and beta (_) chains, gamma delta T cells are less abundant in the peripheral blood but are prevalent in certain tissues.
+==Function==
+Gamma delta T cells are primarily found in the gut mucosa, where they are believed to contribute to immune responses. They are particularly effective at fighting certain types of infections, including those caused by [[Mycobacteria]] and [[Listeria]], and may also play a role in autoimmune diseases.
-== Structure and Function ==
+==Related Terms==
+* [[T cell]]
-Gamma delta T cells are characterized by their expression of the __ TCR, which allows them to recognize a wide variety of antigens, including non-peptide antigens, without the need for [[major histocompatibility complex]] (MHC) presentation. This ability makes them an important component of the [[innate immune system]].
+* [[T cell receptor]]
+* [[Antigen]]
-=== TCR Diversity ===
+* [[Mycobacteria]]
+* [[Listeria]]
-The diversity of the __ TCR is generated through somatic recombination of the V (variable), D (diversity), and J (joining) gene segments. The diagram of the Vgamma locus in C57BL/6 mice illustrates the arrangement of these gene segments, which contribute to the diversity of the TCR repertoire.
+* [[Autoimmune disease]]
-=== Role in Immunity ===
+==See Also==
+* [[Alpha beta T cell]]
+* [[Immune system]]
+* [[Infection]]
-Gamma delta T cells play a crucial role in the early response to infections and are involved in the recognition of [[tumor cells]]. They can produce a variety of cytokines, such as [[interferon-gamma]] (IFN-_) and [[tumor necrosis factor-alpha]] (TNF-_), which help in modulating the immune response.
+==References==
+<references />
-== Tissue Distribution ==
-Gamma delta T cells are found in various tissues, including the [[epidermis]], [[intestine]], and [[lungs]]. In these locations, they contribute to the maintenance of tissue integrity and the response to local infections.
-== Clinical Significance ==
-Due to their unique properties, gamma delta T cells are being studied for their potential use in [[immunotherapy]] for cancer and infectious diseases. Their ability to recognize and kill tumor cells without MHC restriction makes them attractive candidates for therapeutic applications.
-== Related Pages ==
-* [[T cell receptor]]
-* [[Innate immune system]]
-* [[Adaptive immune system]]
-* [[Immunotherapy]]
-{{Immunology}}
+{{stub}}
 [[Category:Immunology]]
-[[Category:T cells]]
+[[Category:Cell biology]]
+[[Category:Medical terminology]]