Granulocyte transfusion: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 16:33, 16 February 2025

Granulocyte Transfusion[edit]

A segmented neutrophil, a type of granulocyte

Granulocyte transfusion is a medical procedure in which granulocytes, a type of white blood cell, are transfused into a patient. This procedure is typically used to treat patients with severe neutropenia and infections that are not responding to standard treatments. Granulocytes are crucial components of the immune system, playing a key role in the body's defense against bacterial and fungal infections.

Indications[edit]

Granulocyte transfusions are primarily indicated for patients with:

Severe neutropenia, particularly when the neutrophil count is less than 0.1 x 10^9/L.
Persistent or severe infections that are unresponsive to antibiotics.
Conditions such as aplastic anemia, leukemia, or bone marrow transplant recipients who are at high risk for infections.

Collection and Preparation[edit]

Granulocytes are collected from healthy donors through a process called apheresis. During apheresis, blood is drawn from the donor, and a machine separates the granulocytes from other blood components. The remaining blood is then returned to the donor. Granulocyte collection is often stimulated by administering granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and corticosteroids to the donor to increase the yield of granulocytes.

Administration[edit]

Granulocyte transfusions are administered intravenously, typically over a period of 1-2 hours. The transfusion is usually given daily until the patient's neutrophil count improves or the infection is controlled. Close monitoring is required during the transfusion to watch for any adverse reactions.

Risks and Complications[edit]

While granulocyte transfusions can be life-saving, they are associated with several risks, including:

Allergic reactions
Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions
Transmission of infections
Graft-versus-host disease

Efficacy[edit]

The efficacy of granulocyte transfusions can vary depending on the underlying condition and the severity of the infection. Some studies suggest that they can be beneficial in certain high-risk patients, but their use remains controversial due to the potential risks and the availability of alternative treatments.

Related Pages[edit]

Template:Blood transfusion

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-'''Granulocyte transfusion''' is a medical procedure that involves the transfusion of [[granulocytes]], a type of [[white blood cell]], from a donor to a recipient. This procedure is typically used to treat or prevent infections in patients with [[neutropenia]], a condition characterized by a low number of neutrophils, the most common type of granulocyte.
+== Granulocyte Transfusion ==
+[[File:Hem1SegmNeutrophile2.jpg|thumb|right|A segmented neutrophil, a type of granulocyte]]
+Granulocyte transfusion is a medical procedure in which granulocytes, a type of [[white blood cell]], are transfused into a patient. This procedure is typically used to treat patients with severe [[neutropenia]] and [[infection]]s that are not responding to standard treatments. Granulocytes are crucial components of the [[immune system]], playing a key role in the body's defense against [[bacterial]] and [[fungal]] infections.
 == Indications ==
+Granulocyte transfusions are primarily indicated for patients with:
-Granulocyte transfusion is indicated for patients with severe neutropenia who are experiencing recurrent or persistent infections despite appropriate [[antibiotic]] therapy. It may also be used prophylactically in patients with expected prolonged neutropenia.
+* Severe neutropenia, particularly when the neutrophil count is less than 0.1 x 10^9/L.
+* Persistent or severe infections that are unresponsive to antibiotics.
+* Conditions such as [[aplastic anemia]], [[leukemia]], or [[bone marrow transplant]] recipients who are at high risk for infections.
-== Procedure ==
+== Collection and Preparation ==
+Granulocytes are collected from healthy donors through a process called [[apheresis]]. During apheresis, blood is drawn from the donor, and a machine separates the granulocytes from other blood components. The remaining blood is then returned to the donor. Granulocyte collection is often stimulated by administering [[granulocyte colony-stimulating factor]] (G-CSF) and [[corticosteroids]] to the donor to increase the yield of granulocytes.
-The granulocytes used in the transfusion are typically collected from a donor through a process called [[apheresis]]. The donor is often given a medication to increase the number of granulocytes in their blood before the collection. The collected cells are then transfused into the recipient.
+== Administration ==
+Granulocyte transfusions are administered intravenously, typically over a period of 1-2 hours. The transfusion is usually given daily until the patient's neutrophil count improves or the infection is controlled. Close monitoring is required during the transfusion to watch for any adverse reactions.
 == Risks and Complications ==
+While granulocyte transfusions can be life-saving, they are associated with several risks, including:
-As with any medical procedure, granulocyte transfusion carries some risks. These may include [[transfusion reaction]], transmission of infectious diseases, and [[graft-versus-host disease]]. The risk of these complications can be minimized through careful donor selection and screening.
+* [[Allergic reaction]]s
+* [[Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction]]s
+* Transmission of infections
+* [[Graft-versus-host disease]]
 == Efficacy ==
+The efficacy of granulocyte transfusions can vary depending on the underlying condition and the severity of the infection. Some studies suggest that they can be beneficial in certain high-risk patients, but their use remains controversial due to the potential risks and the availability of alternative treatments.
-The efficacy of granulocyte transfusion is still a topic of ongoing research. Some studies have shown a reduction in infection-related mortality, while others have not found a significant benefit. The procedure's efficacy may depend on factors such as the patient's underlying condition and the severity of their neutropenia.
+== Related Pages ==
-== See Also ==
 * [[Neutropenia]]
 * [[Apheresis]]
-* [[Transfusion reaction]]
+* [[Bone marrow transplant]]
-* [[Graft-versus-host disease]]
+* [[Immune system]]
+{{Blood transfusion}}
-[[Category:Medical procedures]]
 [[Category:Hematology]]
 [[Category:Transfusion medicine]]
-{{stub}}