Suxethonium chloride: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 05:29, 16 February 2025

Suxethonium Chloride[edit]

Suxethonium chloride, also known as succinylcholine chloride, is a medication used to induce muscle relaxation and short-term paralysis as part of general anesthesia. It is commonly used to facilitate tracheal intubation during surgery or mechanical ventilation.

Pharmacology[edit]

Suxethonium chloride is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker. It works by mimicking the action of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, leading to continuous stimulation of the muscle and subsequent desensitization. This results in muscle paralysis.

Mechanism of Action[edit]

Suxethonium chloride binds to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction, causing an initial depolarization of the muscle membrane. This depolarization is followed by a phase of desensitization, during which the muscle is unable to respond to further stimulation, leading to paralysis.

Duration of Action[edit]

The effects of suxethonium chloride are typically short-lived, with paralysis lasting approximately 5 to 10 minutes. This is due to its rapid hydrolysis by plasma cholinesterase into inactive metabolites.

Clinical Use[edit]

Suxethonium chloride is primarily used in anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation. It is also used in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) to prevent muscle contractions during the procedure.

Indications[edit]

Rapid sequence induction of anesthesia
Facilitation of tracheal intubation
Muscle relaxation during surgery
Prevention of muscle contractions during ECT

Contraindications[edit]

Suxethonium chloride is contraindicated in patients with a history of malignant hyperthermia, myopathies associated with elevated creatine kinase, and in those with a known hypersensitivity to the drug.

Side Effects[edit]

Common side effects of suxethonium chloride include muscle pain, bradycardia, and hyperkalemia. Rare but serious side effects include malignant hyperthermia and anaphylaxis.

Related Pages[edit]

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-'''Suxamethonium chloride''' (also known as '''succinylcholine''') is a [[medication]] used primarily in the field of [[anesthesia]]. It is a [[neuromuscular-blocking drug]] or [[muscle relaxant]] that induces temporary paralysis by causing a depolarizing block at [[motor end-plates]] in the [[myoneural junction]].
+== Suxethonium Chloride ==
-== History ==
+[[File:Suxethonium_chloride.svg|thumb|right|Chemical structure of Suxethonium Chloride]]
-Suxamethonium chloride was first discovered in the early 20th century. It was initially used in the field of [[ophthalmology]] before its muscle relaxant properties were discovered. It has since become a staple in the field of anesthesia.
+'''Suxethonium chloride''', also known as '''succinylcholine chloride''', is a medication used to induce [[muscle relaxation]] and short-term [[paralysis]] as part of [[general anesthesia]]. It is commonly used to facilitate [[tracheal intubation]] during [[surgery]] or [[mechanical ventilation]].
 == Pharmacology ==
-Suxamethonium chloride acts by imitating the natural neurotransmitter [[acetylcholine]]. It binds to the acetylcholine receptors at the motor end-plate, causing depolarization. This depolarization leads to an influx of sodium ions and efflux of potassium ions, resulting in muscle paralysis.
-== Medical uses ==
+Suxethonium chloride is a [[depolarizing neuromuscular blocker]]. It works by mimicking the action of [[acetylcholine]] at the [[neuromuscular junction]], leading to continuous stimulation of the [[muscle]] and subsequent [[desensitization]]. This results in [[muscle paralysis]].
-Suxamethonium chloride is used in anesthesia to facilitate [[endotracheal intubation]] and to provide muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation. It is also used in emergency medicine for its rapid onset of action.
+=== Mechanism of Action ===
+Suxethonium chloride binds to the [[nicotinic acetylcholine receptor]] at the [[neuromuscular junction]], causing an initial depolarization of the [[muscle membrane]]. This depolarization is followed by a phase of desensitization, during which the muscle is unable to respond to further stimulation, leading to paralysis.
+=== Duration of Action ===
+The effects of suxethonium chloride are typically short-lived, with paralysis lasting approximately 5 to 10 minutes. This is due to its rapid hydrolysis by [[plasma cholinesterase]] into inactive metabolites.
+== Clinical Use ==
+Suxethonium chloride is primarily used in [[anesthesia]] to facilitate [[endotracheal intubation]]. It is also used in [[electroconvulsive therapy]] (ECT) to prevent muscle contractions during the procedure.
+=== Indications ===
+* Rapid sequence induction of anesthesia
+* Facilitation of tracheal intubation
+* Muscle relaxation during surgery
+* Prevention of muscle contractions during ECT
+=== Contraindications ===
+Suxethonium chloride is contraindicated in patients with a history of [[malignant hyperthermia]], [[myopathies]] associated with elevated [[creatine kinase]], and in those with a known hypersensitivity to the drug.
+== Side Effects ==
-== Side effects ==
+Common side effects of suxethonium chloride include [[muscle pain]], [[bradycardia]], and [[hyperkalemia]]. Rare but serious side effects include [[malignant hyperthermia]] and [[anaphylaxis]].
-The most common side effects of suxamethonium chloride include increased intraocular pressure, muscle pain, and changes in heart rate. Rare but serious side effects include [[malignant hyperthermia]], a potentially fatal reaction to certain drugs used during general anesthesia.
-== Contraindications ==
+== Related Pages ==
-Suxamethonium chloride is contraindicated in people with personal or family history of malignant hyperthermia, known hypersensitivity to the drug, or abnormal plasma cholinesterase activity.
-== See also ==
 * [[Neuromuscular-blocking drug]]
 * [[Anesthesia]]
-* [[Acetylcholine]]
+* [[Tracheal intubation]]
+* [[Malignant hyperthermia]]
-[[Category:Medications]]
 [[Category:Anesthesia]]
-[[Category:Neuromuscular blocking agents]]
+[[Category:Neuromuscular blockers]]
-{{Medicine-stub}}