Deoxyepinephrine: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 05:24, 16 February 2025

Deoxyepinephrine[edit]

Deoxyepinephrine, also known as 2-phenylethylamine, is a chemical compound that is structurally related to epinephrine, a hormone and neurotransmitter. Deoxyepinephrine is characterized by the absence of a hydroxyl group on the benzene ring, distinguishing it from its more well-known counterpart, epinephrine.

Chemical Structure[edit]

Deoxyepinephrine is a phenethylamine, a class of compounds that includes many biologically active substances. Its chemical structure consists of a benzene ring attached to an ethylamine chain. The absence of hydroxyl groups on the benzene ring differentiates it from epinephrine, which has hydroxyl groups at the 3 and 4 positions of the benzene ring.

Biological Activity[edit]

Deoxyepinephrine is not as biologically active as epinephrine. While epinephrine acts as a potent adrenergic receptor agonist, deoxyepinephrine lacks the necessary functional groups to effectively interact with these receptors. As a result, it does not exhibit the same physiological effects, such as increased heart rate and bronchodilation, that are characteristic of epinephrine.

Synthesis and Derivatives[edit]

Deoxyepinephrine can be synthesized through various chemical reactions involving the reduction of epinephrine or by direct synthesis from simpler precursors. It serves as a precursor or intermediate in the synthesis of other phenethylamine derivatives, some of which may have pharmacological activity.

Applications[edit]

While deoxyepinephrine itself is not widely used in medicine, its derivatives and related compounds are of interest in the development of new drugs. Researchers study these compounds to understand their potential effects on the central nervous system and their possible therapeutic applications.

Related Compounds[edit]

Deoxyepinephrine is related to several other compounds in the phenethylamine family, including:

These compounds share a common structural motif and are involved in various physiological processes.

Related Pages[edit]

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-'''Deoxyepinephrine''', also known as '''Norepinephrine''' or '''Noradrenaline''', is a hormone and neurotransmitter that plays a significant role in the body's [[stress]] response. It is produced in the [[adrenal medulla]] and is released into the bloodstream during times of physical or mental stress.
+{{DISPLAYTITLE:Deoxyepinephrine}}
-== Function ==
+== Deoxyepinephrine ==
-Deoxyepinephrine functions as both a hormone and a neurotransmitter. As a hormone, it is released into the bloodstream by the adrenal medulla. As a neurotransmitter, it is used by nerve cells to send signals to other cells.
-Deoxyepinephrine's primary function is to prepare the body for a 'fight or flight' response by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and glucose levels. It also helps to narrow the blood vessels and open the airways, allowing for increased blood flow to the muscles and improved oxygen flow to the lungs.
+[[File:Deoxyepinephrine2DCSD.svg|thumb|right|Structural formula of Deoxyepinephrine]]
-== Production ==
+'''Deoxyepinephrine''', also known as '''2-phenylethylamine''', is a chemical compound that is structurally related to [[epinephrine]], a hormone and neurotransmitter. Deoxyepinephrine is characterized by the absence of a hydroxyl group on the benzene ring, distinguishing it from its more well-known counterpart, epinephrine.
-Deoxyepinephrine is produced in the adrenal medulla, a part of the [[adrenal gland]]. The production process begins with the amino acid [[tyrosine]], which is converted into DOPA by the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase. DOPA is then converted into dopamine, which is finally converted into deoxyepinephrine by the enzyme dopamine β-hydroxylase.
-== Role in Disease ==
+== Chemical Structure ==
-Abnormal levels of deoxyepinephrine can lead to a number of health problems. High levels can cause [[hypertension]], [[anxiety]], and [[panic attacks]], while low levels can lead to [[depression]] and [[orthostatic hypotension]].
-== Treatment ==
+Deoxyepinephrine is a [[phenethylamine]], a class of compounds that includes many biologically active substances. Its chemical structure consists of a benzene ring attached to an ethylamine chain. The absence of hydroxyl groups on the benzene ring differentiates it from epinephrine, which has hydroxyl groups at the 3 and 4 positions of the benzene ring.
-Medications that affect the production or function of deoxyepinephrine are used to treat a variety of conditions. For example, [[beta blockers]] are used to treat hypertension by blocking the effects of deoxyepinephrine on the heart and blood vessels.
-== See Also ==
+== Biological Activity ==
-* [[Adrenaline]]
-* [[Stress (biology)]]
+Deoxyepinephrine is not as biologically active as epinephrine. While epinephrine acts as a potent [[adrenergic receptor]] agonist, deoxyepinephrine lacks the necessary functional groups to effectively interact with these receptors. As a result, it does not exhibit the same physiological effects, such as increased heart rate and bronchodilation, that are characteristic of epinephrine.
+== Synthesis and Derivatives ==
+Deoxyepinephrine can be synthesized through various chemical reactions involving the reduction of epinephrine or by direct synthesis from simpler precursors. It serves as a precursor or intermediate in the synthesis of other [[phenethylamine]] derivatives, some of which may have pharmacological activity.
+== Applications ==
+While deoxyepinephrine itself is not widely used in medicine, its derivatives and related compounds are of interest in the development of new drugs. Researchers study these compounds to understand their potential effects on the [[central nervous system]] and their possible therapeutic applications.
+== Related Compounds ==
+Deoxyepinephrine is related to several other compounds in the phenethylamine family, including:
+* [[Epinephrine]]
+* [[Norepinephrine]]
+* [[Dopamine]]
+* [[Amphetamine]]
+These compounds share a common structural motif and are involved in various physiological processes.
+== Related Pages ==
+* [[Epinephrine]]
+* [[Adrenergic receptor]]
+* [[Phenethylamine]]
 * [[Neurotransmitter]]
-* [[Hormone]]
-[[Category:Neurotransmitters]]
-[[Category:Hormones]]
-[[Category:Stress]]
-{{stub}}
+[[Category:Phenethylamines]]
+[[Category:Neurochemistry]]