Ispronicline: Difference between revisions

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'''Ispronicline''' (also known as '''AZD-3480''' and '''TC-1734''') is a drug that was under development by [[AstraZeneca]] and [[Targacept]]. It is a [[nicotinic acetylcholine receptor]] partial agonist, with a particular affinity for the α4β2 subtype of this receptor. Ispronicline was being developed as a treatment for cognitive deficits in [[schizophrenia]], [[Alzheimer's disease]], and [[attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]] (ADHD).
== Ispronicline ==


== History ==
[[File:Ispronicline_Structure.svg|thumb|right|Chemical structure of Ispronicline]]


Ispronicline was first synthesized by Targacept, a biopharmaceutical company specializing in the design and development of neuronal nicotinic receptor (NNR) therapeutics. In 2002, Targacept entered into a collaboration with AstraZeneca for the development and commercialization of NNR Therapeutics, including Ispronicline.
'''Ispronicline''' is a pharmaceutical compound that acts as a partial agonist at the [[nicotinic acetylcholine receptor|_4_2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors]]. It has been investigated for its potential use in the treatment of [[cognitive disorders]] such as [[Alzheimer's disease]] and [[schizophrenia]].
 
== Pharmacology ==
 
Ispronicline is known for its selective action on the _4_2 subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which are implicated in cognitive processes. By modulating these receptors, ispronicline may enhance [[neurotransmission]] and improve cognitive function. This mechanism of action is similar to that of other [[nicotinic agonists]], which are being explored for their therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.
 
== Clinical Development ==
 
Ispronicline has undergone various stages of clinical trials to assess its efficacy and safety in humans. Initial studies have shown promise in improving cognitive performance in patients with mild cognitive impairment and early-stage Alzheimer's disease. However, further research is needed to fully establish its clinical benefits and potential side effects.


== Mechanism of Action ==
== Mechanism of Action ==


Ispronicline acts as a partial agonist at the α4β2 subtype of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. This receptor subtype is thought to be involved in cognitive processes, and drugs that modulate its activity have been investigated as potential treatments for cognitive deficits in a variety of disorders.
The primary mechanism of action of ispronicline involves its partial agonistic activity at the _4_2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. These receptors are widely distributed in the [[central nervous system]] and play a crucial role in modulating [[synaptic plasticity]], learning, and memory. By partially activating these receptors, ispronicline may enhance cholinergic signaling, which is often deficient in cognitive disorders.
 
== Clinical Trials ==


Ispronicline has undergone several phases of clinical trials. In Phase II trials, it was found to improve cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease and ADHD. However, in a Phase IIb trial for Alzheimer's disease, Ispronicline did not meet its primary endpoint of improving cognitive function. The development of Ispronicline was subsequently discontinued.
== Potential Applications ==


== Side Effects ==
Ispronicline's ability to modulate nicotinic receptors makes it a candidate for treating a variety of cognitive disorders. Its potential applications include:


The most common side effects reported in clinical trials of Ispronicline were nausea, headache, and dizziness. These side effects were generally mild and transient.
* [[Alzheimer's disease]]: By enhancing cholinergic function, ispronicline may help alleviate some of the cognitive deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease.
* [[Schizophrenia]]: Cognitive impairments are a core feature of schizophrenia, and ispronicline may offer benefits by improving cognitive function in affected individuals.
* [[Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]] (ADHD): There is interest in exploring ispronicline's effects on attention and executive function, which could be beneficial in ADHD.


== See Also ==
== Related Pages ==


* [[Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor]]
* [[Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor]]
* [[AstraZeneca]]
* [[Cognitive enhancer]]
* [[Targacept]]
* [[Alzheimer's disease]]
* [[Alzheimer's disease]]
* [[Schizophrenia]]
* [[Schizophrenia]]
* [[Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]]


[[Category:Drugs]]
[[Category:Neuroscience]]
[[Category:Pharmacology]]
[[Category:Pharmacology]]
{{Pharma-stub}}
[[Category:Nicotinic agonists]]
[[Category:Cognitive enhancers]]

Latest revision as of 12:09, 15 February 2025

Ispronicline[edit]

Chemical structure of Ispronicline

Ispronicline is a pharmaceutical compound that acts as a partial agonist at the _4_2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It has been investigated for its potential use in the treatment of cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia.

Pharmacology[edit]

Ispronicline is known for its selective action on the _4_2 subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which are implicated in cognitive processes. By modulating these receptors, ispronicline may enhance neurotransmission and improve cognitive function. This mechanism of action is similar to that of other nicotinic agonists, which are being explored for their therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.

Clinical Development[edit]

Ispronicline has undergone various stages of clinical trials to assess its efficacy and safety in humans. Initial studies have shown promise in improving cognitive performance in patients with mild cognitive impairment and early-stage Alzheimer's disease. However, further research is needed to fully establish its clinical benefits and potential side effects.

Mechanism of Action[edit]

The primary mechanism of action of ispronicline involves its partial agonistic activity at the _4_2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. These receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system and play a crucial role in modulating synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. By partially activating these receptors, ispronicline may enhance cholinergic signaling, which is often deficient in cognitive disorders.

Potential Applications[edit]

Ispronicline's ability to modulate nicotinic receptors makes it a candidate for treating a variety of cognitive disorders. Its potential applications include:

  • Alzheimer's disease: By enhancing cholinergic function, ispronicline may help alleviate some of the cognitive deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease.
  • Schizophrenia: Cognitive impairments are a core feature of schizophrenia, and ispronicline may offer benefits by improving cognitive function in affected individuals.
  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): There is interest in exploring ispronicline's effects on attention and executive function, which could be beneficial in ADHD.

Related Pages[edit]