ABCG2: Difference between revisions
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:ABCG2}} | {{DISPLAYTITLE:ABCG2}} | ||
== | == Overview == | ||
[[File: | [[File:ABCG2_with_plasma_membrane.jpg|thumb|right|Diagram of ABCG2 in the plasma membrane]] | ||
'''ABCG2''' (ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the '''ABCG2''' gene. It is a member of the [[ATP-binding cassette transporter]] family, which is involved in the transport of various molecules across extra- and intracellular membranes. | |||
== Structure == | |||
ABCG2 is a half-transporter, meaning it consists of a single [[transmembrane domain]] and a single [[nucleotide-binding domain]]. It functions as a homodimer or homotetramer to transport substrates across the [[cell membrane]]. | |||
== | == Function == | ||
ABCG2 is a | ABCG2 plays a critical role in the [[efflux]] of xenobiotics and endogenous substrates from cells. It is known to transport a wide variety of substrates, including [[drugs]], [[metabolites]], and [[lipids]]. This transporter is highly expressed in the [[placenta]], [[liver]], [[intestine]], and [[blood-brain barrier]], where it contributes to the protection of tissues from toxic substances. | ||
== | == Clinical Significance == | ||
ABCG2 is | ABCG2 is associated with [[multidrug resistance]] in cancer therapy. Overexpression of ABCG2 in cancer cells can lead to decreased intracellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic agents, resulting in treatment failure. It is also involved in the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, affecting their absorption, distribution, and elimination. | ||
== Genetic Variants == | |||
Several [[single nucleotide polymorphisms]] (SNPs) in the ABCG2 gene have been identified, which can influence the function of the transporter. These genetic variants can affect drug response and toxicity, making ABCG2 an important consideration in [[personalized medicine]]. | |||
== | == Research == | ||
Ongoing research is focused on understanding the regulation of ABCG2 expression and function, as well as its role in drug resistance and [[pharmacogenomics]]. Inhibitors of ABCG2 are being investigated as potential adjuvants in cancer therapy to overcome drug resistance. | |||
== Related Pages == | |||
==Related | |||
* [[ATP-binding cassette transporter]] | * [[ATP-binding cassette transporter]] | ||
* [[Multidrug resistance]] | * [[Multidrug resistance]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Pharmacogenomics]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Cell membrane]] | ||
[[Category:Transport proteins]] | |||
[[Category:Genes on human chromosome 4]] | |||
[[Category:ATP-binding cassette transporters]] | [[Category:ATP-binding cassette transporters]] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:59, 15 February 2025
Overview[edit]
ABCG2 (ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ABCG2 gene. It is a member of the ATP-binding cassette transporter family, which is involved in the transport of various molecules across extra- and intracellular membranes.
Structure[edit]
ABCG2 is a half-transporter, meaning it consists of a single transmembrane domain and a single nucleotide-binding domain. It functions as a homodimer or homotetramer to transport substrates across the cell membrane.
Function[edit]
ABCG2 plays a critical role in the efflux of xenobiotics and endogenous substrates from cells. It is known to transport a wide variety of substrates, including drugs, metabolites, and lipids. This transporter is highly expressed in the placenta, liver, intestine, and blood-brain barrier, where it contributes to the protection of tissues from toxic substances.
Clinical Significance[edit]
ABCG2 is associated with multidrug resistance in cancer therapy. Overexpression of ABCG2 in cancer cells can lead to decreased intracellular accumulation of chemotherapeutic agents, resulting in treatment failure. It is also involved in the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, affecting their absorption, distribution, and elimination.
Genetic Variants[edit]
Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ABCG2 gene have been identified, which can influence the function of the transporter. These genetic variants can affect drug response and toxicity, making ABCG2 an important consideration in personalized medicine.
Research[edit]
Ongoing research is focused on understanding the regulation of ABCG2 expression and function, as well as its role in drug resistance and pharmacogenomics. Inhibitors of ABCG2 are being investigated as potential adjuvants in cancer therapy to overcome drug resistance.
