Deslanoside: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 04:05, 13 February 2025

Deslanoside[edit]

Deslanoside is a cardiac glycoside used in the treatment of certain heart conditions. It is derived from the leaves of the Digitalis lanata plant, commonly known as woolly foxglove. Deslanoside is part of a group of medications that are used to improve the strength and efficiency of the heart, or to control the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat.

Pharmacology[edit]

Deslanoside works by inhibiting the sodium-potassium ATPase pump, which leads to an increase in intracellular sodium. This increase in sodium promotes the influx of calcium into the heart muscle cells, enhancing cardiac contractility. The increased calcium availability in the heart muscle cells results in a more forceful contraction of the heart, which is beneficial in conditions such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation.

Clinical Use[edit]

Deslanoside is primarily used in the management of heart failure and certain types of arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. It helps to control the heart rate and improve cardiac output, which can alleviate symptoms such as shortness of breath and fatigue in patients with heart failure.

Administration[edit]

Deslanoside is typically administered intravenously, especially in acute settings where rapid onset of action is required. The dosage of deslanoside must be carefully monitored, as the therapeutic window is narrow and the risk of toxicity is significant.

Side Effects[edit]

Common side effects of deslanoside include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and dizziness. More serious side effects can occur, such as digitalis toxicity, which may present with symptoms like confusion, irregular heartbeats, and visual disturbances. Monitoring of blood levels and renal function is important to prevent toxicity.

Mechanism of Action[edit]

Deslanoside exerts its effects by binding to and inhibiting the sodium-potassium ATPase pump on the cardiac cell membrane. This inhibition leads to an increase in intracellular sodium levels, which in turn affects the sodium-calcium exchanger, resulting in increased intracellular calcium. The elevated calcium levels enhance the contractile force of the heart muscle, improving cardiac output.

Related Pages[edit]

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-'''Deslanoside''' is a [[cardiac glycoside]] used primarily in the treatment of [[congestive heart failure]] and [[atrial fibrillation]]. It is derived from the leaves of the [[Digitalis lanata]] plant, hence its name. Deslanoside acts by inhibiting the [[Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase]] pump, which leads to an increase in intracellular sodium. This increase in sodium concentration inside the cell triggers a secondary effect of increasing intracellular calcium levels by the [[sodium-calcium exchange pump]], which enhances cardiac muscle contraction. This mechanism of action is crucial in improving the heart's efficiency and output, making deslanoside an important agent in managing specific heart conditions.
+== Deslanoside ==
-== Pharmacokinetics ==
+[[File:Deslanoside.svg|thumb|right|Chemical structure of Deslanoside]]
-Deslanoside has a rapid onset of action when administered intravenously, with effects typically observed within 30 minutes. Its bioavailability varies when given orally, and it is extensively bound to [[plasma proteins]]. The drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily in the urine. The half-life of deslanoside is relatively short, necessitating frequent dosing to maintain therapeutic levels in the bloodstream.
-== Clinical Uses ==
+'''Deslanoside''' is a [[cardiac glycoside]] used in the treatment of certain heart conditions. It is derived from the leaves of the [[Digitalis lanata]] plant, commonly known as woolly foxglove. Deslanoside is part of a group of medications that are used to improve the strength and efficiency of the heart, or to control the rate and rhythm of the heartbeat.
-Deslanoside is used in the management of [[congestive heart failure]] (CHF), particularly in cases where the condition is refractory to other treatments. It is also employed in controlling the ventricular rate in patients with [[atrial fibrillation]] (AF). By improving the heart muscle's contractility, deslanoside helps to alleviate symptoms associated with CHF such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and edema.
+== Pharmacology ==
+Deslanoside works by inhibiting the [[sodium-potassium ATPase]] pump, which leads to an increase in intracellular sodium. This increase in sodium promotes the influx of calcium into the heart muscle cells, enhancing cardiac contractility. The increased calcium availability in the heart muscle cells results in a more forceful contraction of the heart, which is beneficial in conditions such as [[heart failure]] and [[atrial fibrillation]].
+== Clinical Use ==
+Deslanoside is primarily used in the management of heart failure and certain types of [[arrhythmias]], particularly atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. It helps to control the heart rate and improve cardiac output, which can alleviate symptoms such as shortness of breath and fatigue in patients with heart failure.
+== Administration ==
+Deslanoside is typically administered intravenously, especially in acute settings where rapid onset of action is required. The dosage of deslanoside must be carefully monitored, as the therapeutic window is narrow and the risk of toxicity is significant.
 == Side Effects ==
-The therapeutic window of deslanoside is narrow, making the risk of toxicity significant. Symptoms of deslanoside toxicity include [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[diarrhea]], [[confusion]], and [[vision disturbances]] such as seeing halos around lights. Cardiac side effects are particularly concerning and can include [[arrhythmias]] such as [[ventricular tachycardia]] or [[ventricular fibrillation]]. Monitoring of blood levels and careful dose adjustments are essential to minimize the risk of adverse effects.
-== Contraindications ==
+Common side effects of deslanoside include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and dizziness. More serious side effects can occur, such as [[digitalis toxicity]], which may present with symptoms like confusion, irregular heartbeats, and visual disturbances. Monitoring of blood levels and renal function is important to prevent toxicity.
-Deslanoside is contraindicated in patients with [[ventricular fibrillation]], [[hypokalemia]] (low potassium levels), and those with a known hypersensitivity to digitalis preparations. Caution is advised in patients with renal impairment, as reduced renal function can lead to accumulation of the drug and increase the risk of toxicity.
-== Interactions ==
+== Mechanism of Action ==
-Deslanoside can interact with a variety of medications, including [[diuretics]], [[calcium channel blockers]], and [[beta blockers]]. These interactions can either potentiate the effects of deslanoside, increasing the risk of toxicity, or reduce its efficacy. It is crucial to review all medications a patient is taking before initiating deslanoside therapy.
-== Conclusion ==
+[[File:Deslanoside.svg|thumb|left|Deslanoside molecule]]
-Deslanoside is a valuable drug in the management of certain heart conditions, particularly congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Its use requires careful monitoring due to its narrow therapeutic window and potential for significant side effects. When used appropriately, deslanoside can significantly improve the quality of life for patients with heart failure and other cardiac conditions.
+Deslanoside exerts its effects by binding to and inhibiting the sodium-potassium ATPase pump on the cardiac cell membrane. This inhibition leads to an increase in intracellular sodium levels, which in turn affects the sodium-calcium exchanger, resulting in increased intracellular calcium. The elevated calcium levels enhance the contractile force of the heart muscle, improving cardiac output.
+== Related Pages ==
+* [[Cardiac glycoside]]
+* [[Digitalis lanata]]
+* [[Heart failure]]
+* [[Atrial fibrillation]]
+* [[Digitalis toxicity]]
 [[Category:Cardiac glycosides]]
-[[Category:Medicinal chemistry]]
 [[Category:Pharmacology]]
-{{medicine-stub}}