Icodextrin: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 03:47, 13 February 2025

Icodextrin[edit]

Icodextrin is a glucose polymer used in peritoneal dialysis solutions. It is an alternative to glucose-based solutions and is particularly useful for patients undergoing long-dwell dialysis exchanges. Icodextrin is known for its ability to provide sustained ultrafiltration over extended periods, making it beneficial for patients with high peritoneal membrane transport rates.

Mechanism of Action[edit]

Icodextrin works by creating an osmotic gradient that facilitates the removal of excess fluid from the blood into the peritoneal cavity. Unlike glucose, which is rapidly absorbed, icodextrin is absorbed more slowly, allowing for prolonged ultrafiltration. This property makes it ideal for overnight or long-dwell exchanges in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and automated peritoneal dialysis (APD).

Clinical Use[edit]

Icodextrin is primarily used in patients who experience inadequate ultrafiltration with standard glucose-based solutions. It is particularly beneficial for patients with high transport characteristics, where rapid absorption of glucose can lead to insufficient fluid removal. By using icodextrin, these patients can achieve better fluid balance and improved dialysis adequacy.

Side Effects[edit]

While icodextrin is generally well-tolerated, some patients may experience side effects. Common side effects include skin rash, itching, and, in rare cases, peritonitis. It is important for patients to monitor for signs of infection and report any adverse reactions to their healthcare provider.

Advantages over Glucose-Based Solutions[edit]

Icodextrin offers several advantages over traditional glucose-based peritoneal dialysis solutions:

Prolonged Ultrafiltration: Provides sustained fluid removal over long-dwell periods.
Reduced Glucose Load: Minimizes the metabolic impact of glucose absorption, which can be beneficial for diabetic patients.
Improved Fluid Balance: Helps maintain better fluid balance in patients with high peritoneal transport rates.

Related Pages[edit]

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-'''Icodextrin''' is a [[colloid osmotic agent]] used in the form of an aqueous solution for [[peritoneal dialysis]]. It is a glucose polymer derived from [[maltodextrin]].
+== Icodextrin ==
-==Chemistry==
+[[File:DP_branchement.svg|thumb|right|Chemical structure of Icodextrin]]
-Icodextrin is a glucose polymer, which is a type of [[complex carbohydrate]]. It is derived from maltodextrin, a food additive, through a process of [[hydrogenation]]. The resulting product is a white, odorless powder that is soluble in water.
-==Medical uses==
+'''Icodextrin''' is a glucose polymer used in [[peritoneal dialysis]] solutions. It is an alternative to glucose-based solutions and is particularly useful for patients undergoing long-dwell dialysis exchanges. Icodextrin is known for its ability to provide sustained ultrafiltration over extended periods, making it beneficial for patients with high peritoneal membrane transport rates.
-Icodextrin is used in peritoneal dialysis, a treatment for patients with severe [[chronic kidney disease]]. The solution is introduced into the [[peritoneum]], a membrane that lines the abdominal cavity, where it helps to remove waste products from the blood. Icodextrin works by drawing fluid and waste products into the peritoneal cavity, which are then drained out.
-==Advantages==
+== Mechanism of Action ==
-Compared to other solutions used for peritoneal dialysis, icodextrin has several advantages. It allows for longer dwell times, which is the period during which the dialysis solution is in the peritoneum. This makes it particularly useful for the long overnight dwell during [[continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis]] (CAPD). Icodextrin also reduces the risk of [[hyperglycemia]], a common side effect of glucose-based dialysis solutions.
-==Side effects==
+Icodextrin works by creating an osmotic gradient that facilitates the removal of excess fluid from the blood into the peritoneal cavity. Unlike glucose, which is rapidly absorbed, icodextrin is absorbed more slowly, allowing for prolonged ultrafiltration. This property makes it ideal for overnight or long-dwell exchanges in [[continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis]] (CAPD) and [[automated peritoneal dialysis]] (APD).
-The most common side effects of icodextrin are related to its use in peritoneal dialysis and include infection at the site of the catheter, abdominal pain, and changes in blood pressure. Rarely, patients may have an allergic reaction to icodextrin.
+== Clinical Use ==
+Icodextrin is primarily used in patients who experience inadequate ultrafiltration with standard glucose-based solutions. It is particularly beneficial for patients with high transport characteristics, where rapid absorption of glucose can lead to insufficient fluid removal. By using icodextrin, these patients can achieve better fluid balance and improved dialysis adequacy.
+== Side Effects ==
+While icodextrin is generally well-tolerated, some patients may experience side effects. Common side effects include skin rash, itching, and, in rare cases, [[peritonitis]]. It is important for patients to monitor for signs of infection and report any adverse reactions to their healthcare provider.
+== Advantages over Glucose-Based Solutions ==
+Icodextrin offers several advantages over traditional glucose-based peritoneal dialysis solutions:
+* '''Prolonged Ultrafiltration:''' Provides sustained fluid removal over long-dwell periods.
+* '''Reduced Glucose Load:''' Minimizes the metabolic impact of glucose absorption, which can be beneficial for diabetic patients.
+* '''Improved Fluid Balance:''' Helps maintain better fluid balance in patients with high peritoneal transport rates.
+== Related Pages ==
-==See also==
 * [[Peritoneal dialysis]]
-* [[Chronic kidney disease]]
+* [[Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis]]
-* [[Hyperglycemia]]
+* [[Automated peritoneal dialysis]]
+* [[Peritonitis]]
-[[Category:Drugs]]
+[[Category:Dialysis]]
 [[Category:Medical treatments]]
-[[Category:Chemistry]]
-{{Medicine-stub}}
-{{Chem-stub}}