3D modeling: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 20:00, 11 February 2025

3D Modeling

3D modeling is the process of developing a mathematical representation of any three-dimensional surface of an object via specialized software. The product is called a 3D model. It can be displayed as a two-dimensional image through a process called 3D rendering or used in a computer simulation of physical phenomena.

History

The origins of 3D modeling can be traced back to the 1960s when computer graphics were first being developed. Early models were simple and used primarily for scientific and engineering purposes. Over time, the technology evolved, allowing for more complex and realistic models.

Techniques

3D modeling involves several techniques, including:

Polygonal modeling: This is the most common method, where models are created using polygons. Low-poly models are often used in video games and real-time applications.
NURBS modeling: Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines are used for creating smooth surfaces and are often used in automotive and industrial design.
Sculpting: This technique allows for more organic shapes and is often used in character design and animation.
Procedural modeling: This involves using algorithms to automatically generate models, often used for creating complex structures like cities or landscapes.

Applications

3D modeling is used in various fields, including:

Architecture: For creating detailed building models.
Video games: To create characters, environments, and objects.
Film and animation: For special effects and animated features.
Medicine: For visualizing anatomical structures and surgical planning.
Forensics: For reconstructing crime scenes or facial reconstructions.

Software

There are numerous software packages available for 3D modeling, ranging from free and open-source options like Blender to professional-grade software like Maya and 3ds Max.

Related pages

Gallery

Low-poly hand-painted 3D house
Fantasitron photo booth at Madurodam
The Utah teapot, a standard reference object in 3D modeling
3D fantasy fish model
Dynamic 3D clothing model
Steps of forensic facial reconstruction

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Short description|Process of developing a mathematical representation of any surface of an object in three dimensions}}
+== 3D Modeling ==
-'''3D modeling''' is the process of developing a mathematical representation of any surface of an object in three dimensions via specialized software. The product is called a 3D model. It can be displayed as a two-dimensional image through a process called [[3D rendering]] or used in a computer simulation of physical phenomena. The model can also be physically created using [[3D printing]] devices.
+[[File:An_early_concept_design_of_the_ERIS_instrument.jpg|thumb|An early concept design of the ERIS instrument]]
-==History==
+'''3D modeling''' is the process of developing a mathematical representation of any three-dimensional surface of an object via specialized software. The product is called a 3D model. It can be displayed as a two-dimensional image through a process called [[3D rendering]] or used in a computer simulation of physical phenomena.
-The origins of 3D modeling can be traced back to the 1960s when the first computer graphics were developed. Early pioneers in the field included Ivan Sutherland, who created the Sketchpad program, and the development of the [[Utah teapot]], a standard reference object in computer graphics.
-==Applications==
+== History ==
-D modeling is used in a wide range of fields, including [[architecture]], [[engineering]], [[entertainment]], and [[medicine]]. In architecture, it is used to create digital representations of buildings. In engineering, it is used to design parts and assemblies. In entertainment, it is used to create characters and environments for [[video games]] and [[animated films]]. In medicine, 3D models are used for [[surgical planning]] and [[prosthetics]].
+The origins of 3D modeling can be traced back to the 1960s when computer graphics were first being developed. Early models were simple and used primarily for scientific and engineering purposes. Over time, the technology evolved, allowing for more complex and realistic models.
-==Techniques==
+== Techniques ==
-There are several techniques used in 3D modeling:
+D modeling involves several techniques, including:
-* '''Polygonal modeling''': This technique uses polygons to create a 3D model. It is the most common method and is used in most 3D applications.
+* '''Polygonal modeling''': This is the most common method, where models are created using polygons. [[Low-poly]] models are often used in video games and real-time applications.
-* '''NURBS modeling''': Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS) are used to create smooth surfaces. This technique is often used in automotive and aerospace industries.
+* '''NURBS modeling''': Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines are used for creating smooth surfaces and are often used in automotive and industrial design.
-* '''Digital sculpting''': This technique allows for the creation of highly detailed models by manipulating a digital "clay".
+* '''Sculpting''': This technique allows for more organic shapes and is often used in character design and animation.
-* '''Procedural modeling''': This technique uses algorithms to automatically generate 3D models.
+* '''Procedural modeling''': This involves using algorithms to automatically generate models, often used for creating complex structures like cities or landscapes.
-==Software==
+== Applications ==
-There are many software applications available for 3D modeling, ranging from free and open-source programs like [[Blender (software)|Blender]] to professional-grade software like [[Autodesk Maya|Maya]] and [[3ds Max]].
+D modeling is used in various fields, including:
-==3D Model Formats==
+* '''[[Architecture]]''': For creating detailed building models.
-D models can be saved in various file formats, each with its own advantages and limitations. Common formats include:
+* '''[[Video games]]''': To create characters, environments, and objects.
+* '''[[Film]] and [[animation]]''': For special effects and animated features.
+* '''[[Medicine]]''': For visualizing anatomical structures and surgical planning.
+* '''[[Forensics]]''': For reconstructing crime scenes or facial reconstructions.
-* '''OBJ''': A simple format that supports geometry and texture.
+== Software ==
-* '''FBX''': A format that supports complex data, including animations.
+There are numerous software packages available for 3D modeling, ranging from free and open-source options like [[Blender (software)|Blender]] to professional-grade software like [[Autodesk Maya|Maya]] and [[3ds Max]].
-* '''STL''': A format commonly used for 3D printing.
-==Gallery==
+== Related pages ==
+* [[3D rendering]]
+* [[Computer graphics]]
+* [[Animation]]
+* [[Virtual reality]]
+== Gallery ==
 <gallery>
-File:An early concept design of the ERIS instrument.jpg|An early concept design of the ERIS instrument.
+File:Low-poly_hand-painted_3D_house_rotating.gif|Low-poly hand-painted 3D house
-File:Low-poly hand-painted 3D house rotating.gif|A low-poly hand-painted 3D house.
+File:Fantasitron_photo_booth_at_Madurodam_can_scan_up_to_two_people_at_a_time_IMG_3797_FRD.jpg|Fantasitron photo booth at Madurodam
-File:Fantasitron photo booth at Madurodam can scan up to two people at a time IMG 3797 FRD.jpg|A Fantasitron photo booth for 3D scanning.
+File:Utah_teapot_simple_2.png|The Utah teapot, a standard reference object in 3D modeling
-File:Utah teapot simple 2.png|The Utah teapot, a standard reference object.
+File:Lai4d_3D_fantasy_fish.jpg|3D fantasy fish model
-File:Lai4d 3D fantasy fish.jpg|A 3D fantasy fish model.
+File:Dynamic_3D_Clothing_Model_made_in_Marvelous_Designer.jpg|Dynamic 3D clothing model
-File:Dynamic 3D Clothing Model made in Marvelous Designer.jpg|Dynamic 3D clothing model.
+File:Steps_of_forensic_facial_reconstruction_-_Virtual_Mummy_-_cogitas3d.gif|Steps of forensic facial reconstruction
-File:Steps of forensic facial reconstruction - Virtual Mummy - cogitas3d.gif|Steps of forensic facial reconstruction.
 </gallery>
-==Related pages==
-* [[3D rendering]]
-* [[3D printing]]
-* [[Computer-aided design]]
-* [[Virtual reality]]
 [[Category:3D modeling]]
-[[Category:Computer graphics]]