Specific granule

Specific granule is a type of granule found in neutrophils, a type of white blood cell. These granules contain a variety of substances that are used by the neutrophils to fight off infections.

Structure and Composition

Specific granules are smaller than azurophilic granules, another type of granule found in neutrophils. They are also more numerous. The granules are composed of a variety of substances, including lactoferrin, collagenase, gelatinase, and alkaline phosphatase. These substances are used by the neutrophils to destroy bacteria and other foreign substances.

Function

The primary function of specific granules is to aid in the immune response. When a neutrophil encounters a foreign substance, it releases the contents of its granules into the surrounding area. The substances contained within the granules then work to destroy the foreign substance. For example, lactoferrin is able to bind to iron, which is necessary for the growth of many types of bacteria. By binding to the iron, lactoferrin prevents the bacteria from growing.

Clinical Significance

Abnormalities in the number or function of specific granules can lead to a variety of health problems. For example, a decrease in the number of specific granules can lead to an increased susceptibility to infections. On the other hand, an increase in the number of specific granules can lead to inflammation and tissue damage. Therefore, the number and function of specific granules can be used as a diagnostic tool in certain medical conditions.

See Also

• Neutrophil
• Granule
• Azurophilic granule
• Lactoferrin
• Collagenase
• Gelatinase
• Alkaline phosphatase

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