Diaphragm

Diaphragm is a dome-shaped, muscular and fibrous structure that separates the chest cavity from the abdomen. It is the primary muscle that the body uses during the process of breathing.

Anatomy

The diaphragm is located below the lungs, with its right side higher than the left to accommodate the liver. It is attached to the spine, the ribs, and the sternum. The diaphragm is made up of two types of muscle fibers: the peripheral muscle, which is responsible for the diaphragm's shape, and the central tendon, which is the muscle's strongest part.

Function

The diaphragm plays a crucial role in breathing. When it contracts, it flattens and lowers, creating a vacuum that pulls air into the lungs. When it relaxes, it pushes air out of the lungs. It also assists in expelling vomit, feces, and urine from the body by increasing intra-abdominal pressure.

Disorders

There are several disorders that can affect the diaphragm. These include diaphragmatic hernia, diaphragmatic paralysis, and diaphragmatic eventration. Symptoms of these disorders can include shortness of breath, chest pain, and a decreased ability to exercise.

Treatment

Treatment for diaphragm disorders depends on the specific disorder and its severity. Options can include surgery, physical therapy, and medications.

See also

• Respiratory system
• Thoracic diaphragm
• Phrenic nerve

References

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