Trillium grandiflorum: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 00:39, 10 February 2025

Species of flowering plant

Trillium grandiflorum, commonly known as the white trillium, is a species of flowering plant in the family Melanthiaceae. It is native to eastern North America, ranging from Quebec to Minnesota and south to Georgia.

Description

Trillium grandiflorum is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows from a rhizome. It typically reaches a height of 15 to 30 cm. The plant has a whorl of three leaves, each up to 12 cm long and 8 cm wide, with a prominent venation pattern. The leaves are ovate and have a smooth texture.

The flower of T. grandiflorum is large and showy, with three white petals that can measure up to 5 cm in length. The petals are arranged in a whorl above the leaves, and the flower has three green sepals beneath the petals. The flower's center contains six stamens and a single pistil. As the flower ages, the petals often turn pink.

Habitat

Trillium grandiflorum is found in rich, deciduous forests, often in areas with moist, well-drained soil. It prefers shaded environments and is commonly found in the understory of hardwood forests. The plant is a spring ephemeral, meaning it blooms early in the spring before the forest canopy fully develops.

Reproduction

The plant reproduces both sexually, through seed production, and asexually, through rhizome division. Pollination is primarily carried out by ants and other insects attracted to the flower's nectar. The seeds have a fleshy appendage called an elaiosome, which is attractive to ants, aiding in seed dispersal.

Conservation

Trillium grandiflorum is considered a species of least concern, but it is protected in some areas due to habitat loss and over-collection. It is the official floral emblem of the province of Ontario, Canada.

Cultural significance

The white trillium is a symbol of Ontario and is featured on the Franco-Ontarian flag. It is also a popular plant in gardens due to its attractive flowers and foliage.

Gallery

Clonal colony of Trillium grandiflorum
Closeup of Trillium grandiflorum leaf
Trillium grandiflorum with pink petals
White trillium flower
Trillium grandiflorum in North Walker Woods
Double-flowered form of Trillium grandiflorum
Franco-Ontarian flag featuring the trillium

Related pages

References

Case, Frederick W., and Case, Roberta B. Trilliums. Timber Press, 1997.
Gleason, Henry A., and Cronquist, Arthur. Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. New York Botanical Garden, 1991.

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-'''Trillium grandiflorum''', also known as the [[white trillium]], is a species of [[flowering plant]] in the family [[Melanthiaceae]]. Native to [[North America]], it is the official emblem and flower of the [[Ontario]] province in [[Canada]] and the state wildflower of [[Ohio]].
+{{short description|Species of flowering plant}}
+{{Taxobox
+| name = Trillium grandiflorum
+| image = Trillium_grandiflorum_at_Backus_Woods.jpg
+| image_caption = Trillium grandiflorum in Backus Woods
+| regnum = Plantae
+| unranked_divisio = Angiosperms
+| unranked_classis = Monocots
+| ordo = Liliales
+| familia = Melanthiaceae
+| genus = Trillium
+| species = T. grandiflorum
+| binomial = Trillium grandiflorum
+| binomial_authority = (Michx.) Salisb.
+}}
-== Description ==
+'''Trillium grandiflorum''', commonly known as the '''white trillium''', is a species of flowering plant in the family [[Melanthiaceae]]. It is native to eastern North America, ranging from [[Quebec]] to [[Minnesota]] and south to [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]].
-The '''Trillium grandiflorum''' is a perennial herb that grows from a short rhizome and produces a single, showy white flower in the spring. The flower has three petals, which are often tinged with pink as they age. The plant has three broad, ovate leaves that are arranged in a whorl around the stem.
-== Distribution and habitat ==
+==Description==
-'''Trillium grandiflorum''' is found in the eastern part of North America, from the southern part of [[Quebec]] to the northern parts of [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] and west to [[Minnesota]]. It is commonly found in rich, moist, deciduous forests and floodplains.
+''Trillium grandiflorum'' is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows from a rhizome. It typically reaches a height of 15 to 30 cm. The plant has a whorl of three leaves, each up to 12 cm long and 8 cm wide, with a prominent venation pattern. The leaves are ovate and have a smooth texture.
-== Cultivation ==
+The flower of ''T. grandiflorum'' is large and showy, with three white petals that can measure up to 5 cm in length. The petals are arranged in a whorl above the leaves, and the flower has three green sepals beneath the petals. The flower's center contains six stamens and a single pistil. As the flower ages, the petals often turn pink.
-'''Trillium grandiflorum''' is cultivated as an ornamental plant. It prefers a shady location with rich, moist, well-drained soil. The plant is propagated by division of the rhizomes or by seed.
-== Conservation ==
+==Habitat==
-The '''Trillium grandiflorum''' is listed as endangered in [[Maine]] and [[Rhode Island]], and as threatened in [[Vermont]]. The main threats to the species are habitat loss due to urban development and illegal harvesting for the horticultural trade.
+''Trillium grandiflorum'' is found in rich, deciduous forests, often in areas with moist, well-drained soil. It prefers shaded environments and is commonly found in the understory of hardwood forests. The plant is a spring ephemeral, meaning it blooms early in the spring before the forest canopy fully develops.
-== Cultural significance ==
+==Reproduction==
-In Canada, the '''Trillium grandiflorum''' is a symbol of the province of Ontario. It is also the state wildflower of Ohio.
+The plant reproduces both sexually, through seed production, and asexually, through rhizome division. Pollination is primarily carried out by ants and other insects attracted to the flower's nectar. The seeds have a fleshy appendage called an elaiosome, which is attractive to ants, aiding in seed dispersal.
-== See also ==
+==Conservation==
-* [[List of Trillium species]]
+''Trillium grandiflorum'' is considered a species of least concern, but it is protected in some areas due to habitat loss and over-collection. It is the official floral emblem of the province of [[Ontario]], [[Canada]].
+==Cultural significance==
+The white trillium is a symbol of Ontario and is featured on the [[Franco-Ontarian flag]]. It is also a popular plant in gardens due to its attractive flowers and foliage.
+==Gallery==
+<gallery>
+File:Trillium_grandiflorum_clonal_colony.jpg|Clonal colony of ''Trillium grandiflorum''
+File:White_Trillium_Trillium_grandiflorum_Leaf_Closeup_2500px.JPG|Closeup of ''Trillium grandiflorum'' leaf
+File:Trillium_grandiflorum_pink1.jpg|''Trillium grandiflorum'' with pink petals
+File:White_Trillium_Trillium_grandiflorum_Flower_2613px.jpg|White trillium flower
+File:Trillium_grandiflorum_at_the_North_Walker_Woods1.jpg|''Trillium grandiflorum'' in North Walker Woods
+File:Double_Trillium_grandiflorum.jpg|Double-flowered form of ''Trillium grandiflorum''
+File:Franco-Ontarian_flag.svg|Franco-Ontarian flag featuring the trillium
+</gallery>
+==Related pages==
+* [[Trillium]]
+* [[Melanthiaceae]]
 * [[Flora of North America]]
+==References==
+* Case, Frederick W., and Case, Roberta B. ''Trilliums''. Timber Press, 1997.
+* Gleason, Henry A., and Cronquist, Arthur. ''Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada''. New York Botanical Garden, 1991.
+[[Category:Trillium|grandiflorum]]
 [[Category:Flora of North America]]
-[[Category:Flora of Canada]]
+[[Category:Plants described in 1803]]
-[[Category:Flora of the United States]]
-[[Category:Melanthiaceae]]
-{{Flora-stub}}