Transversion: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 15:42, 9 February 2025

Transversion

A transversion is a type of nucleotide substitution in genetics where a purine is replaced with a pyrimidine, or vice versa. This contrasts with a transition, where a purine is replaced with another purine, or a pyrimidine is replaced with another pyrimidine.

Types of Transversions

Transversions can be categorized into four types based on the specific bases involved:

Adenine (A) to Cytosine (C)
Adenine (A) to Thymine (T)
Guanine (G) to Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G) to Thymine (T)

Similarly, the reverse changes (C to A, T to A, C to G, T to G) are also considered transversions.

Biological Significance

Transversions are less common than transitions in the genome due to the structural differences between purines and pyrimidines, which make such substitutions more disruptive to the DNA double helix. However, they can have significant effects on gene expression and protein function, potentially leading to genetic disorders or cancer.

Detection and Analysis

Transversions can be detected through various molecular biology techniques, such as DNA sequencing. They are often analyzed in the context of evolutionary biology to understand the mutation rate and phylogenetic relationships among species.

Related Pages

References

External Links

Transversion on Wikipedia

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Transversion''' is a type of [[mutation]] that occurs in [[DNA]] when a [[purine]] (adenine or guanine) is replaced by a [[pyrimidine]] (cytosine or thymine), or vice versa. This is in contrast to [[transition mutations]], which involve a purine being replaced by another purine, or a pyrimidine being replaced by another pyrimidine.
+== Transversion ==
-==Mechanism==
+A '''transversion''' is a type of [[nucleotide]] substitution in [[genetics]] where a [[purine]] is replaced with a [[pyrimidine]], or vice versa. This contrasts with a [[transition (genetics)|transition]], where a purine is replaced with another purine, or a pyrimidine is replaced with another pyrimidine.
-Transversions can occur through a variety of mechanisms, including [[deamination]], [[oxidative damage]], and the action of [[DNA repair]] enzymes. They can also be induced by certain [[carcinogens]], such as those found in tobacco smoke and charred food.
-==Effects==
+== Types of Transversions ==
-The effects of transversions can vary widely, depending on the specific location and context of the mutation. In some cases, they can lead to the production of a different [[amino acid]] in a [[protein]], potentially altering its function. This can result in a variety of [[genetic disorders]], including certain forms of [[cancer]]. However, many transversions are [[silent mutations]], meaning they do not result in any noticeable change in the organism.
-==Detection==
+Transversions can be categorized into four types based on the specific bases involved:
-Transversions can be detected using a variety of techniques, including [[DNA sequencing]] and [[polymerase chain reaction]] (PCR). These methods can identify the specific location and nature of the mutation, allowing for targeted treatment strategies.
-==See also==
+* Adenine (A) to Cytosine (C)
-* [[Transition mutation]]
+* Adenine (A) to Thymine (T)
-* [[Point mutation]]
+* Guanine (G) to Cytosine (C)
-* [[Frameshift mutation]]
+* Guanine (G) to Thymine (T)
-* [[Missense mutation]]
-* [[Nonsense mutation]]
+Similarly, the reverse changes (C to A, T to A, C to G, T to G) are also considered transversions.
+== Biological Significance ==
+Transversions are less common than transitions in the [[genome]] due to the structural differences between purines and pyrimidines, which make such substitutions more disruptive to the [[DNA]] double helix. However, they can have significant effects on [[gene expression]] and [[protein]] function, potentially leading to [[genetic disorders]] or [[cancer]].
+== Detection and Analysis ==
+Transversions can be detected through various [[molecular biology]] techniques, such as [[DNA sequencing]]. They are often analyzed in the context of [[evolutionary biology]] to understand the [[mutation rate]] and [[phylogenetic]] relationships among species.
+== Related Pages ==
+* [[Transition (genetics)]]
+* [[Mutation]]
+* [[DNA]]
+* [[Genetics]]
+== References ==
+{{Reflist}}
+== External Links ==
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transversion Transversion on Wikipedia]
+[[File:All_transitions_and_transversions.svg|thumb|right|Diagram showing all possible transitions and transversions.]]
 [[Category:Genetics]]
-[[Category:Mutation]]
+[[Category:Molecular biology]]
-{{Genetics-stub}}