Dental intrusion: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 18:50, 11 December 2024

Dental Intrusion

Dental intrusion, also known as intrusive luxation, is a type of dental trauma where a tooth is displaced axially into the alveolar bone. This condition is considered one of the most severe forms of dental injury and requires immediate attention to prevent long-term complications.

Etiology[edit]

Dental intrusion typically occurs as a result of a direct impact to the tooth, often seen in accidents or sports injuries. The force of the impact drives the tooth into the alveolar bone, potentially damaging the periodontal ligament, pulp, and surrounding bone structure.

Clinical Presentation[edit]

Patients with dental intrusion may present with the following symptoms:

Tooth appears shorter or is not visible in the dental arch.
Bleeding from the gingival sulcus.
Pain and tenderness in the affected area.
Possible mobility of adjacent teeth.

Diagnosis[edit]

Diagnosis of dental intrusion is primarily clinical, supported by radiographic examination.

Clinical Examination:The tooth is assessed for its position, mobility, and vitality.
Radiographic Examination:Periapical and occlusal radiographs are used to determine the extent of intrusion and any associated alveolar bone fractures.

Management[edit]

The management of dental intrusion depends on the severity of the intrusion and the stage of root development.

Primary Teeth[edit]

For primary teeth, the treatment approach is often conservative:

Observation:In cases of minor intrusion, the tooth may spontaneously re-erupt.
Extraction:If the tooth is severely intruded or poses a risk to the developing permanent tooth, extraction may be necessary.

Permanent Teeth[edit]

For permanent teeth, the treatment options include:

Spontaneous Re-eruption:In immature teeth with open apices, allowing time for the tooth to re-erupt naturally.
Orthodontic Repositioning:Using orthodontic appliances to gradually reposition the tooth.
Surgical Repositioning:In cases of severe intrusion, surgical intervention may be required.

Prognosis[edit]

The prognosis of an intruded tooth depends on several factors, including the extent of intrusion, the age of the patient, and the promptness of treatment. Complications such as pulp necrosis, root resorption, and ankylosis are possible, necessitating long-term follow-up.

Prevention[edit]

Preventive measures include the use of mouthguards during sports and educating patients on safety practices to minimize the risk of dental trauma.

Also see[edit]

Template:Dental trauma

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-''Intrusion'' is the term used to describe displacement of tooth into alveolar bone which is accompanied by fracture or crushing of alveolar bone so the crown appears shorter.
+Dental Intrusion
-== Clinical Features ==
-* Displacement is accompanied by fracture or crushing of alveolar bone.
-* Tooth is mobile.
-* Bleeding from gingival crevice.
-* Tooth is tender to percussion and masticatory forces.
-* Clinically crown appears shorter.
-== Radiographic Features ==
-* Obliteration of apical portion of PDL space.
-* Crushing of lamina dura.
-== Treatment ==
-* Spontaneous eruption, Orthodontic or surgical repositioning of tooth. The treatment lines for the management of intrusion depend on the degree of intrusion which has taken place.
-# In case of minor (1–2 mm) of intrusion it is best to wait up to 3 months for spontaneous eruption to occur before initiating any type of treatment.
-# In case of severe intrusion the two best mentioned approaches are ''orthodontic'' and ''surgical extrusion''. The former is more methodical and is mostly indicated when the traumatized tooth have incomplete root/ apex formation. This approach would bring the tooth slowly into position without compromising the blood and nerve supply. However, the drawbacks of this technique are more time consuming, and can be used for isolated single teeth traumas.
-# The surgical extrusion is more rigid method of repositioning and provides immediate results and is indicated in multiple trauma but can lead to non-vitalization of teeth due to severing of blood supply.
-* Suture the gingival laceration.
-* Splint for 2 to 3 weeks after tooth has come to normal position.
-* Soft diet for 14 days.
-* Follow-up period of 1 year.
-<youtube>
+Dental intrusion, also known as intrusive luxation, is a type of dental trauma where a tooth is displaced axially into the alveolar bone. This condition is considered one of the most severe forms of dental injury and requires immediate attention to prevent long-term complications.
-title='''Documentary Film - {{PAGENAME}}'''
-movie_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/okNgf5ykIBU
-&rel=1
-embed_source_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/okNgf5ykIBU
-&rel=1
-wrap = yes
-width=750
-height=600
-</youtube>
-{{stub}}
+==Etiology==
-{{dictionary-stub1}}
+Dental intrusion typically occurs as a result of a direct impact to the tooth, often seen in accidents or sports injuries. The force of the impact drives the tooth into the alveolar bone, potentially damaging the periodontal ligament, pulp, and surrounding bone structure.
+==Clinical Presentation==
+Patients with dental intrusion may present with the following symptoms:
+* Tooth appears shorter or is not visible in the dental arch.
+* Bleeding from the gingival sulcus.
+* Pain and tenderness in the affected area.
+* Possible mobility of adjacent teeth.
+==Diagnosis==
+Diagnosis of dental intrusion is primarily clinical, supported by radiographic examination.
+* '''[[Clinical Examination:]]'''The tooth is assessed for its position, mobility, and vitality.
+* '''[[Radiographic Examination:]]'''Periapical and occlusal radiographs are used to determine the extent of intrusion and any associated alveolar bone fractures.
+==Management==
+The management of dental intrusion depends on the severity of the intrusion and the stage of root development.
+===Primary Teeth===
+For primary teeth, the treatment approach is often conservative:
+* '''[[Observation:]]'''In cases of minor intrusion, the tooth may spontaneously re-erupt.
+* '''[[Extraction:]]'''If the tooth is severely intruded or poses a risk to the developing permanent tooth, extraction may be necessary.
+===Permanent Teeth===
+For permanent teeth, the treatment options include:
+* '''[[Spontaneous Re-eruption:]]'''In immature teeth with open apices, allowing time for the tooth to re-erupt naturally.
+* '''[[Orthodontic Repositioning:]]'''Using orthodontic appliances to gradually reposition the tooth.
+* '''[[Surgical Repositioning:]]'''In cases of severe intrusion, surgical intervention may be required.
+==Prognosis==
+The prognosis of an intruded tooth depends on several factors, including the extent of intrusion, the age of the patient, and the promptness of treatment. Complications such as pulp necrosis, root resorption, and ankylosis are possible, necessitating long-term follow-up.
+==Prevention==
+Preventive measures include the use of mouthguards during sports and educating patients on safety practices to minimize the risk of dental trauma.
+==Also see==
+* [[Dental trauma]]
+* [[Tooth luxation]]
+* [[Root resorption]]
+* [[Periodontal ligament]]
+{{Dental trauma}}
+[[Category:Dentistry]]
+[[Category:Oral and maxillofacial surgery]]
+[[Category:Emergency medicine]]