Higher education in Iran

Higher education in Iran refers to the system of universities, colleges, and other institutions that provide tertiary education in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The system is overseen by the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology and the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, depending on the field of study.

History

The roots of higher education in Iran can be traced back to the establishment of the Dar ul-Funun in 1851, which was the first modern institution of higher learning in Iran. It was founded by Amir Kabir, the then Prime Minister, to train experts in various fields such as engineering, medicine, and military sciences.

Following the Iranian Revolution in 1979, the higher education system underwent significant changes, including the Islamization of the curriculum and the establishment of the Islamic Azad University, which has become one of the largest private university systems in the world.

Structure

The higher education system in Iran is divided into two main sectors: public and private. Public universities are primarily funded by the government and include some of the most prestigious institutions such as the University of Tehran, Sharif University of Technology, and Iran University of Science and Technology.

Private institutions, such as the Islamic Azad University, operate independently but are subject to regulations by the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. These universities have expanded access to higher education across the country.

Admission

Admission to Iranian universities is highly competitive and is primarily based on the results of the Konkur, a national entrance examination. The exam covers a wide range of subjects and is held annually. Students are ranked based on their scores, and admission is granted according to their preferences and available seats in various programs.

Academic Programs

Iranian universities offer a wide range of undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral programs. The academic year typically consists of two semesters, and the language of instruction is primarily Persian, although some programs, especially at the graduate level, may be offered in English.

Research and Development

Iran has made significant investments in research and development, particularly in fields such as nuclear technology, nanotechnology, and biotechnology. The country has a growing number of research centers and institutes that collaborate with universities to advance scientific knowledge and innovation.

Challenges

The higher education system in Iran faces several challenges, including limited funding, brain drain, and political influences on academic freedom. Despite these challenges, Iranian universities continue to produce a large number of graduates in various fields, contributing to the country's development.

Also see

• Education in Iran
• Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (Iran)
• Islamic Azad University
• University of Tehran
• Konkur