Smyrna: Difference between revisions
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[[ | [[File:Lydia circa 50 AD - English legend.jpg|thumb]] [[File:Agora of Smyrna, built during the Hellenistic era at the base of Pagos Hill and totally rebuilt under Marcus Aurelius after the destructive 178 AD earthquake, Izmir, Turkey (18699693425).jpg|thumb]] [[File:Agora of Smyrna, built during the Hellenistic era at the base of Pagos Hill and totally rebuilt under Marcus Aurelius after the destructive 178 AD earthquake, Izmir, Turkey (18699947915).jpg|thumb]] [[File:Istanbul - Museo archeol. - Saffo - Copia romana da orig ellenist. - da Smirne - Foto G. Dall'Orto 28-5-2006 02.jpg|thumb]] {{Infobox settlement | ||
| name = Smyrna | |||
| native_name = Σμύρνη | |||
| settlement_type = Ancient city | |||
| coordinates = {{coord|38|25|N|27|08|E|type:city}} | |||
| established_title = Established | |||
| established_date = 3rd millennium BC | |||
| population_total = 200,000 (est. during Roman period) | |||
| website = | |||
}} | |||
'''Smyrna''' ({{lang-el|Σμύρνη}}) was an ancient city located at a central and strategic point on the Aegean coast of Anatolia. Due to its advantageous position, it became one of the principal cities of [[Ionia]] and later a significant urban center in the Roman Empire. | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
=== | ===Early History=== | ||
Smyrna's origins date back to the 3rd millennium BC, with evidence of settlement during the [[Bronze Age]]. The city was initially established by the [[Leleges]] and later inhabited by the [[Aeolians]]. | |||
===Classical Period=== | |||
In the 7th century BC, Smyrna was taken over by the [[Ionians]], who transformed it into a thriving city-state. It became a member of the [[Ionian League]], a confederation of twelve cities in [[Asia Minor]]. | |||
===Hellenistic Period=== | |||
After the conquest by [[Alexander the Great]], Smyrna was rebuilt and expanded. The new city was designed with a grid plan, which was a hallmark of Hellenistic urban planning. | |||
===Roman Period=== | |||
Under Roman rule, Smyrna flourished as a major commercial and cultural center. It was known for its beautiful architecture, including the famous [[Agora of Smyrna]], and was one of the cities that claimed to be the birthplace of the poet [[Homer]]. | |||
===Byzantine and Ottoman Periods=== | ===Byzantine and Ottoman Periods=== | ||
Smyrna continued to be an important city during the | Smyrna continued to be an important city during the Byzantine era. It was later incorporated into the [[Ottoman Empire]] in the 15th century, where it remained a key port city. | ||
== | ==Economy== | ||
Smyrna's economy was historically based on trade, facilitated by its excellent harbor. It was a hub for the exchange of goods between the East and the West, dealing in products such as olive oil, wine, and textiles. | |||
== | ==Culture== | ||
Smyrna | Smyrna was a center of culture and learning. It hosted numerous festivals and was home to several schools of philosophy and rhetoric. The city was also known for its temples and theaters, which were integral to its cultural life. | ||
== | ==Religion== | ||
Smyrna was one of the Seven Churches of Asia mentioned in the [[Book of Revelation]]. It had a significant Christian community and was an early center of Christianity. | |||
== | ==Archaeological Significance== | ||
The archaeological remains of Smyrna provide valuable insights into ancient urban life. Excavations have uncovered parts of the ancient agora, city walls, and residential areas. | |||
* [[ | |||
==Also see== | |||
* [[Ionia]] | |||
* [[Agora of Smyrna]] | * [[Agora of Smyrna]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Seven Churches of Asia]] | ||
* [[Homer]] | * [[Homer]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Ionian League]] | ||
{{Ancient cities of Asia Minor}} | |||
{{Ionian League}} | |||
[[Category:Ancient Greek cities]] | [[Category:Ancient Greek cities]] | ||
[[Category:Roman | [[Category:Roman Empire cities]] | ||
[[Category:Archaeological sites in Turkey]] | [[Category:Archaeological sites in Turkey]] | ||
Latest revision as of 15:30, 9 December 2024
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| General Information | |
| Name | Smyrna |
| Native Name | Σμύρνη
|
| Other Names | |
| Settlement Type | Ancient city |
| Transliteration | |
| Language 1 | |
| Type 1 | |
| Info 1 | |
| Location | |
| Coordinates |
38°25
N°27
|
| Map | |
| Population | |
| Total | 200,000 (est. during Roman period) |
| Density | per km² |
| Area | |
| Total | km² |
| Land | km² |
| Water | km² |
| Government | |
| Type | |
| Leader | |
| Time Zone | |
| Standard | UTC |
| DST | UTC |
Smyrna (Greek: Σμύρνη ) was an ancient city located at a central and strategic point on the Aegean coast of Anatolia. Due to its advantageous position, it became one of the principal cities of Ionia and later a significant urban center in the Roman Empire.
History[edit]
Early History[edit]
Smyrna's origins date back to the 3rd millennium BC, with evidence of settlement during the Bronze Age. The city was initially established by the Leleges and later inhabited by the Aeolians.
Classical Period[edit]
In the 7th century BC, Smyrna was taken over by the Ionians, who transformed it into a thriving city-state. It became a member of the Ionian League, a confederation of twelve cities in Asia Minor.
Hellenistic Period[edit]
After the conquest by Alexander the Great, Smyrna was rebuilt and expanded. The new city was designed with a grid plan, which was a hallmark of Hellenistic urban planning.
Roman Period[edit]
Under Roman rule, Smyrna flourished as a major commercial and cultural center. It was known for its beautiful architecture, including the famous Agora of Smyrna, and was one of the cities that claimed to be the birthplace of the poet Homer.
Byzantine and Ottoman Periods[edit]
Smyrna continued to be an important city during the Byzantine era. It was later incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in the 15th century, where it remained a key port city.
Economy[edit]
Smyrna's economy was historically based on trade, facilitated by its excellent harbor. It was a hub for the exchange of goods between the East and the West, dealing in products such as olive oil, wine, and textiles.
Culture[edit]
Smyrna was a center of culture and learning. It hosted numerous festivals and was home to several schools of philosophy and rhetoric. The city was also known for its temples and theaters, which were integral to its cultural life.
Religion[edit]
Smyrna was one of the Seven Churches of Asia mentioned in the Book of Revelation. It had a significant Christian community and was an early center of Christianity.
Archaeological Significance[edit]
The archaeological remains of Smyrna provide valuable insights into ancient urban life. Excavations have uncovered parts of the ancient agora, city walls, and residential areas.
Also see[edit]
Template:Ancient cities of Asia Minor
| Ionian League |
|---|
|
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