Flat

Flat feet or pes planus is a postural deformity in which the arches of the foot collapse, with the entire sole of the foot coming into complete or near-complete contact with the ground.

Causes

Flat feet can be congenital, meaning a person is born with the condition, or it can develop over time due to aging, injury, or wear and tear on the body. Some of the common causes include:

• Genetic factors
• Obesity
• Pregnancy
• Arthritis
• Injury to the foot or ankle
• Nervous system or muscle diseases
• Tarsal Coalition

Symptoms

The symptoms of flat feet can vary greatly from person to person. Some people may experience no symptoms at all, while others may experience:

• Foot pain
• Swelling in the inside bottom of your feet
• Back or leg pain
• Difficulty with foot movement

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of flat feet is typically made through a simple physical examination. In some cases, the doctor may observe the feet while the patient is standing or walking. Imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs may also be used to determine the severity of the deformity.

Treatment

Treatment for flat feet depends on the severity of the condition and the symptoms experienced by the patient. Non-surgical treatments include:

• Orthotic devices
• Physical therapy
• Pain relief medications
• Weight loss
• Modified activities

In severe cases, surgery may be required to correct the deformity.

See also

• Foot deformities
• Orthopedics
• Podiatry

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