Cytolysis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Cytolysis | |||
| image = [[File:Blausen_0684_OsmoticFlow_Hypotonic.png|250px]] | |||
| caption = Diagram showing osmotic flow in a hypotonic solution, leading to cytolysis. | |||
| synonyms = Osmotic lysis | |||
| specialty = [[Cell biology]], [[Pathology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Cell swelling]], [[Cell rupture]] | |||
| complications = [[Tissue damage]], [[Inflammation]] | |||
| onset = Rapid | |||
| duration = Variable, depending on exposure to hypotonic environment | |||
| causes = [[Hypotonic solution]] exposure, [[Bacterial toxins]] | |||
| risks = [[Hypotonic environment]], [[Immune response]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Microscopy]], [[Cell culture]] | |||
| differential = [[Apoptosis]], [[Necrosis]] | |||
| prevention = Avoidance of hypotonic environments, [[Osmoregulation]] | |||
| treatment = Removal from hypotonic environment, supportive care | |||
| prognosis = Depends on extent of cell damage | |||
| frequency = Common in laboratory settings, less common in vivo | |||
}} | |||
'''Cytolysis''' is a process that occurs when a cell bursts due to an osmotic imbalance that has caused excess water to move into the cell. It is a form of cell death that results from a disease or an injury, such as hypotonic shock, and can also be induced by certain types of pathogens, like bacteria and viruses. | '''Cytolysis''' is a process that occurs when a cell bursts due to an osmotic imbalance that has caused excess water to move into the cell. It is a form of cell death that results from a disease or an injury, such as hypotonic shock, and can also be induced by certain types of pathogens, like bacteria and viruses. | ||
== Causes of Cytolysis == | == Causes of Cytolysis == | ||
Cytolysis can occur due to a variety of reasons. The most common cause is an osmotic imbalance, which can occur when a cell is in a hypotonic solution. This causes water to move into the cell, leading to swelling and eventually, bursting. Other causes include: | Cytolysis can occur due to a variety of reasons. The most common cause is an osmotic imbalance, which can occur when a cell is in a hypotonic solution. This causes water to move into the cell, leading to swelling and eventually, bursting. Other causes include: | ||
* [[Pathogens]]: Certain types of bacteria and viruses can induce cytolysis in host cells. | * [[Pathogens]]: Certain types of bacteria and viruses can induce cytolysis in host cells. | ||
* [[Disease]] or [[Injury]]: Certain diseases or injuries can cause cells to burst. | * [[Disease]] or [[Injury]]: Certain diseases or injuries can cause cells to burst. | ||
* [[Hypotonic Shock]]: This occurs when cells are suddenly exposed to a hypotonic solution, causing rapid water influx and cell bursting. | * [[Hypotonic Shock]]: This occurs when cells are suddenly exposed to a hypotonic solution, causing rapid water influx and cell bursting. | ||
== Consequences of Cytolysis == | == Consequences of Cytolysis == | ||
The bursting of a cell can have several consequences. It can lead to the release of cell contents into the surrounding environment, which can cause inflammation and damage to surrounding tissues. In addition, it can also lead to cell death, which can have significant impacts on the overall health of an organism. | The bursting of a cell can have several consequences. It can lead to the release of cell contents into the surrounding environment, which can cause inflammation and damage to surrounding tissues. In addition, it can also lead to cell death, which can have significant impacts on the overall health of an organism. | ||
== Prevention and Treatment == | == Prevention and Treatment == | ||
Preventing cytolysis primarily involves maintaining a balanced osmotic environment for cells. This can be achieved through proper hydration and nutrition. In cases where cytolysis is caused by pathogens, treatment may involve the use of antibiotics or antiviral medications. | Preventing cytolysis primarily involves maintaining a balanced osmotic environment for cells. This can be achieved through proper hydration and nutrition. In cases where cytolysis is caused by pathogens, treatment may involve the use of antibiotics or antiviral medications. | ||
==Cytolysis gallery== | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Osmotic_pressure_on_blood_cells_diagram.svg|Osmotic pressure on blood cells diagram | |||
File:Human_Erythrocytes_OsmoticPressure_PhaseContrast_Plain.svg|Human Erythrocytes Osmotic Pressure Phase Contrast Plain | |||
File:White_blood_cell_undergoing_cytolysis,_2014-10-18.webm|White blood cell undergoing cytolysis | |||
</gallery> | |||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* [[Cell Death]] | * [[Cell Death]] | ||
* [[Osmosis]] | * [[Osmosis]] | ||
* [[Hypotonic Solution]] | * [[Hypotonic Solution]] | ||
* [[Pathogens]] | * [[Pathogens]] | ||
[[Category:Cell Biology]] | [[Category:Cell Biology]] | ||
[[Category:Pathology]] | [[Category:Pathology]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 00:05, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Cytolysis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Osmotic lysis |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | Cell biology, Pathology |
| Symptoms | Cell swelling, Cell rupture |
| Complications | Tissue damage, Inflammation |
| Onset | Rapid |
| Duration | Variable, depending on exposure to hypotonic environment |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Hypotonic solution exposure, Bacterial toxins |
| Risks | Hypotonic environment, Immune response |
| Diagnosis | Microscopy, Cell culture |
| Differential diagnosis | Apoptosis, Necrosis |
| Prevention | Avoidance of hypotonic environments, Osmoregulation |
| Treatment | Removal from hypotonic environment, supportive care |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Depends on extent of cell damage |
| Frequency | Common in laboratory settings, less common in vivo |
| Deaths | N/A |
Cytolysis is a process that occurs when a cell bursts due to an osmotic imbalance that has caused excess water to move into the cell. It is a form of cell death that results from a disease or an injury, such as hypotonic shock, and can also be induced by certain types of pathogens, like bacteria and viruses.
Causes of Cytolysis[edit]
Cytolysis can occur due to a variety of reasons. The most common cause is an osmotic imbalance, which can occur when a cell is in a hypotonic solution. This causes water to move into the cell, leading to swelling and eventually, bursting. Other causes include:
- Pathogens: Certain types of bacteria and viruses can induce cytolysis in host cells.
- Disease or Injury: Certain diseases or injuries can cause cells to burst.
- Hypotonic Shock: This occurs when cells are suddenly exposed to a hypotonic solution, causing rapid water influx and cell bursting.
Consequences of Cytolysis[edit]
The bursting of a cell can have several consequences. It can lead to the release of cell contents into the surrounding environment, which can cause inflammation and damage to surrounding tissues. In addition, it can also lead to cell death, which can have significant impacts on the overall health of an organism.
Prevention and Treatment[edit]
Preventing cytolysis primarily involves maintaining a balanced osmotic environment for cells. This can be achieved through proper hydration and nutrition. In cases where cytolysis is caused by pathogens, treatment may involve the use of antibiotics or antiviral medications.
Cytolysis gallery[edit]
-
Osmotic pressure on blood cells diagram -
Human Erythrocytes Osmotic Pressure Phase Contrast Plain -
White blood cell undergoing cytolysis
