Efalizumab: Difference between revisions
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Efalizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody to human CD11a subunit of the lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1, which acts as an immunosuppressant agent blocking lymphocyte activation and was formerly used to treat severe plaque psoriasis. | Efalizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody to human CD11a subunit of the lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1, which acts as an immunosuppressant agent blocking lymphocyte activation and was formerly used to treat severe plaque psoriasis. | ||
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Efalizumab has been linked to rare instances of idiosyncratic acute liver injury and may be a rare cause of reactivation of hepatitis B. | Efalizumab has been linked to rare instances of idiosyncratic acute liver injury and may be a rare cause of reactivation of hepatitis B. | ||
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Efalizumab (ef” al iz’ ue mab) is a recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody to CD11a, a subunit of the lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), which is present on lymphocytes and causes activation and proliferation of lymphocytes. Blocking of CD11a inhibits lymphocyte activation and decreases migration of lymphocytes to sites of inflammation. Efalizumab has been shown to have potent immunosuppressive activity and to lower lymphocyte counts and improve autoimmune conditions. In controlled studies, efalizumab was shown to be effective in inducing clinical responses in 20% to 30% of patients with severe psoriasis. | Efalizumab (ef” al iz’ ue mab) is a recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody to CD11a, a subunit of the lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), which is present on lymphocytes and causes activation and proliferation of lymphocytes. Blocking of CD11a inhibits lymphocyte activation and decreases migration of lymphocytes to sites of inflammation. Efalizumab has been shown to have potent immunosuppressive activity and to lower lymphocyte counts and improve autoimmune conditions. In controlled studies, efalizumab was shown to be effective in inducing clinical responses in 20% to 30% of patients with severe psoriasis. | ||
{{fda}} | {{fda}} | ||
Efalizumab was approved for use in the United States in 2005 as therapy for severe plaque psoriasis, but was withdrawn in 2009 because of several instances of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PMLE), a severe neurological condition which is believed to be due to reactivation of the JC virus in neural cells. | Efalizumab was approved for use in the United States in 2005 as therapy for severe plaque psoriasis, but was withdrawn in 2009 because of several instances of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PMLE), a severe neurological condition which is believed to be due to reactivation of the JC virus in neural cells. | ||
{{brand}} | {{brand}} | ||
Efalizumab was previously available in 125 mg single use vials under the brand name Raptiva. | Efalizumab was previously available in 125 mg single use vials under the brand name Raptiva. | ||
{{dose}} | {{dose}} | ||
The recommended initial dose was 0.7 mg/kg subcutaneously, followed by weekly doses of 1 mg/kg, with maximum single dose of 200 mg. | The recommended initial dose was 0.7 mg/kg subcutaneously, followed by weekly doses of 1 mg/kg, with maximum single dose of 200 mg. | ||
{{se}} | {{se}} | ||
Common side effects included [[headache]], [[fatigue]], fever, muscle and back aches, [[nausea]], acne and hypersensitivity reactions. Efalizumab is also capable of causing immune suppression, resulting in an increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections. | Common side effects included [[headache]], [[fatigue]], fever, muscle and back aches, [[nausea]], acne and hypersensitivity reactions. Efalizumab is also capable of causing immune suppression, resulting in an increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections. | ||
Revision as of 16:11, 10 February 2025
Information about Efalizumab
Efalizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody to human CD11a subunit of the lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1, which acts as an immunosuppressant agent blocking lymphocyte activation and was formerly used to treat severe plaque psoriasis.
Liver safety of Efalizumab
Efalizumab has been linked to rare instances of idiosyncratic acute liver injury and may be a rare cause of reactivation of hepatitis B.
== Mechanism of action of Efalizumab == Efalizumab (ef” al iz’ ue mab) is a recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody to CD11a, a subunit of the lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), which is present on lymphocytes and causes activation and proliferation of lymphocytes. Blocking of CD11a inhibits lymphocyte activation and decreases migration of lymphocytes to sites of inflammation. Efalizumab has been shown to have potent immunosuppressive activity and to lower lymphocyte counts and improve autoimmune conditions. In controlled studies, efalizumab was shown to be effective in inducing clinical responses in 20% to 30% of patients with severe psoriasis.
FDA approval information for Efalizumab
Efalizumab was approved for use in the United States in 2005 as therapy for severe plaque psoriasis, but was withdrawn in 2009 because of several instances of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PMLE), a severe neurological condition which is believed to be due to reactivation of the JC virus in neural cells.
Brand name for Efalizumab
Efalizumab was previously available in 125 mg single use vials under the brand name Raptiva.
Dosage and administration for Efalizumab
The recommended initial dose was 0.7 mg/kg subcutaneously, followed by weekly doses of 1 mg/kg, with maximum single dose of 200 mg.
Side effects of Efalizumab
Common side effects included headache, fatigue, fever, muscle and back aches, nausea, acne and hypersensitivity reactions. Efalizumab is also capable of causing immune suppression, resulting in an increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections.
Antipsoriasis agents
Monoclonal Antibodies IL-17A Antagonists
Tumor Necrosis Factor Antagonists
Other
