Immunodeficiency 26: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 11:05, 15 February 2025

Overview

File:Immunodeficiency 26 Autorecessive.svg

Diagram illustrating autosomal recessive inheritance, a common pattern in primary immunodeficiencies.

Immunodeficiency is a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. Immunodeficiencies can be classified as either primary or secondary.

Types of Immunodeficiency

Primary Immunodeficiency

Primary immunodeficiencies are usually genetic and present at birth. They are often inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, as depicted in the diagram. These conditions are rare and can affect various components of the immune system, including B cells, T cells, and complement proteins.

Secondary Immunodeficiency

Secondary immunodeficiencies are acquired later in life and are more common than primary immunodeficiencies. Causes include HIV/AIDS, malnutrition, and certain medical treatments such as chemotherapy and immunosuppressive drugs.

Symptoms

Individuals with immunodeficiency may experience frequent and severe infections, which can be recurrent and difficult to treat. Common symptoms include:

Recurrent pneumonia
Chronic sinusitis
Persistent diarrhea
Skin infections

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of immunodeficiency involves a combination of clinical evaluation and laboratory tests. These may include:

Complete blood count (CBC)
Quantitative immunoglobulins
Specific antibody response tests
Genetic testing for primary immunodeficiencies

Treatment

Treatment depends on the type and severity of the immunodeficiency. Options may include:

Antibiotics to treat infections
Immunoglobulin therapy
Bone marrow transplant for severe cases
Lifestyle modifications to reduce infection risk

Related pages

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Immunodeficiency 26''' is a rare genetic disorder that affects the immune system, leading to increased susceptibility to infections and potentially other immune-related issues. This condition is part of a broader category of diseases known as [[primary immunodeficiencies]], which are disorders where the immune system's ability to fight off infections is compromised due to genetic abnormalities.
+{{DISPLAYTITLE:Immunodeficiency}}
-==Causes==
+== Overview ==
-Immunodeficiency 26 is caused by mutations in a specific gene that is crucial for the normal development and function of the immune system. The exact gene and the nature of the mutations can vary among individuals, which can lead to variability in the severity and specific symptoms of the disorder.
+[[File:Immunodeficiency_26_Autorecessive.svg|thumb|right|Diagram illustrating autosomal recessive inheritance, a common pattern in primary immunodeficiencies.]]
+'''Immunodeficiency''' is a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. Immunodeficiencies can be classified as either [[primary immunodeficiency|primary]] or [[secondary immunodeficiency|secondary]].
-==Symptoms==
+== Types of Immunodeficiency ==
-The primary symptom of Immunodeficiency 26 is an increased susceptibility to infections, including bacterial, viral, and fungal infections. These infections can be more frequent, severe, and harder to treat than in individuals with a normal immune system. Other symptoms may include autoimmunity, where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues, and an increased risk of developing certain types of cancers.
-==Diagnosis==
+=== Primary Immunodeficiency ===
-Diagnosis of Immunodeficiency 26 typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, family history, and genetic testing. Genetic testing can confirm the presence of mutations associated with the disorder and help guide treatment and management decisions.
+Primary immunodeficiencies are usually genetic and present at birth. They are often inherited in an [[autosomal recessive]] pattern, as depicted in the diagram. These conditions are rare and can affect various components of the immune system, including [[B cells]], [[T cells]], and [[complement system|complement proteins]].
-==Treatment==
+=== Secondary Immunodeficiency ===
-Treatment for Immunodeficiency 26 focuses on managing symptoms and preventing infections. This may include the use of antibiotics, antiviral, and antifungal medications to treat and prevent infections. Immunoglobulin replacement therapy may also be used to boost the immune system. In some cases, bone marrow or stem cell transplantation may be considered as a potential cure for the disorder.
+Secondary immunodeficiencies are acquired later in life and are more common than primary immunodeficiencies. Causes include [[HIV/AIDS]], [[malnutrition]], and certain medical treatments such as [[chemotherapy]] and [[immunosuppressive drugs]].
-==Prognosis==
+== Symptoms ==
-The prognosis for individuals with Immunodeficiency 26 varies depending on the severity of the disorder and the effectiveness of treatment. With appropriate management, many individuals can lead relatively normal lives. However, there is an increased risk of chronic health issues and early mortality due to complications from infections and other immune-related problems.
+Individuals with immunodeficiency may experience frequent and severe infections, which can be recurrent and difficult to treat. Common symptoms include:
+* Recurrent [[pneumonia]]
+* Chronic [[sinusitis]]
+* Persistent [[diarrhea]]
+* Skin infections
+== Diagnosis ==
+Diagnosis of immunodeficiency involves a combination of clinical evaluation and laboratory tests. These may include:
+* Complete blood count (CBC)
+* Quantitative immunoglobulins
+* Specific antibody response tests
+* Genetic testing for primary immunodeficiencies
+== Treatment ==
+Treatment depends on the type and severity of the immunodeficiency. Options may include:
+* [[Antibiotics]] to treat infections
+* [[Immunoglobulin therapy]]
+* [[Bone marrow transplant]] for severe cases
+* Lifestyle modifications to reduce infection risk
+== Related pages ==
+* [[Immune system]]
+* [[Autoimmune disease]]
+* [[HIV/AIDS]]
+* [[Vaccination]]
+[[Category:Immunology]]
 [[Category:Genetic disorders]]
-[[Category:Immune system disorders]]
-{{Medicine-stub}}