N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 05:36, 16 February 2025

N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone[edit]

N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone (NPP) is a chemical compound that serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals, including the potent opioid analgesic fentanyl. NPP is a piperidinone derivative, characterized by the presence of a phenethyl group attached to the nitrogen atom of the piperidinone ring.

Chemical Structure[edit]

N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone has the chemical formula C13H17NO. The structure consists of a piperidinone ring, which is a six-membered ring containing five carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom, with a ketone group (C=O) at the 4-position. The phenethyl group is attached to the nitrogen atom, providing the compound with its distinctive properties.

Synthesis[edit]

NPP is synthesized through a series of chemical reactions starting from simpler precursors. The synthesis typically involves the formation of the piperidinone ring followed by the introduction of the phenethyl group. This compound is a crucial precursor in the synthesis of fentanyl, where it undergoes further chemical transformations to produce the final opioid product.

Applications[edit]

The primary application of N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone is in the pharmaceutical industry, where it is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of fentanyl and its analogs. Fentanyl is a powerful synthetic opioid used for pain management, particularly in cases where patients are tolerant to other opioids.

Safety and Regulation[edit]

Due to its role in the synthesis of fentanyl, NPP is subject to strict regulatory controls in many countries. It is classified as a precursor chemical, and its production, distribution, and use are monitored to prevent its diversion for illicit drug manufacturing.

Related pages[edit]

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-'''N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone''' ('''NPP''') is an organic compound that belongs to the class of [[chemical compound]]s known as [[piperidinones]]. It is a key intermediate in the synthesis of various [[pharmaceutical]]s and [[opioid]] analgesics, particularly those related to the [[fentanyl]] family of drugs. NPP is characterized by its chemical structure, which includes a phenethyl group attached to the nitrogen atom of a 4-piperidinone ring.
+{{DISPLAYTITLE:N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone}}
-==Chemistry==
+== N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone ==
-N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone is a cyclic secondary [[amine]] and a lactam. It is a colorless liquid under standard conditions and is soluble in organic solvents such as [[ethanol]], [[diethyl ether]], and [[chloroform]]. The presence of both the piperidinone ring and the phenethyl group in its structure makes NPP a versatile precursor in organic synthesis, particularly in the synthesis of synthetic opioids.
-==Synthesis==
+[[File:NPP_to_fentanyl.svg|thumb|right|Synthesis pathway from N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone to fentanyl]]
-The synthesis of N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone involves the reaction of [[4-piperidone]] with [[phenethyl bromide]] in the presence of a base. This reaction typically yields NPP along with side products, which can be purified through standard organic purification techniques.
-==Applications==
+'''N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone''' (NPP) is a chemical compound that serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals, including the potent opioid analgesic [[fentanyl]]. NPP is a piperidinone derivative, characterized by the presence of a phenethyl group attached to the nitrogen atom of the piperidinone ring.
-N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone is primarily used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds. Its structure serves as a scaffold for the production of a wide range of opioids, including potent analgesics such as fentanyl and its analogs. These substances act on the [[opioid receptor]]s in the brain to produce pain relief, but they also carry a high risk of [[addiction]] and overdose.
-==Regulation==
+== Chemical Structure ==
-Due to its role in the synthesis of potent opioids, N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone is subject to regulation in many countries. The [[United States]] Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) has listed NPP as a Table I precursor under the Controlled Substances Act, which means its sale, distribution, and use are tightly controlled to prevent its diversion for illicit drug manufacturing.
-==Safety and Toxicology==
+N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone has the chemical formula C13H17NO. The structure consists of a piperidinone ring, which is a six-membered ring containing five carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom, with a ketone group (C=O) at the 4-position. The phenethyl group is attached to the nitrogen atom, providing the compound with its distinctive properties.
-As a chemical intermediate, N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone itself does not have a well-established safety profile for human exposure. However, the compounds synthesized from NPP, particularly synthetic opioids, are known for their high potential for abuse and overdose. Proper handling and safety measures should be observed when working with NPP in laboratory or industrial settings to minimize exposure and prevent accidents.
+== Synthesis ==
+NPP is synthesized through a series of chemical reactions starting from simpler precursors. The synthesis typically involves the formation of the piperidinone ring followed by the introduction of the phenethyl group. This compound is a crucial precursor in the synthesis of fentanyl, where it undergoes further chemical transformations to produce the final opioid product.
+== Applications ==
+The primary application of N-Phenethyl-4-piperidinone is in the pharmaceutical industry, where it is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of fentanyl and its analogs. Fentanyl is a powerful synthetic opioid used for pain management, particularly in cases where patients are tolerant to other opioids.
+== Safety and Regulation ==
+Due to its role in the synthesis of fentanyl, NPP is subject to strict regulatory controls in many countries. It is classified as a precursor chemical, and its production, distribution, and use are monitored to prevent its diversion for illicit drug manufacturing.
+== Related pages ==
-==See Also==
 * [[Fentanyl]]
-* [[Opioid epidemic]]
+* [[Opioid]]
-* [[Organic synthesis]]
+* [[Piperidine]]
-* [[Pharmaceutical industry]]
+* [[Chemical synthesis]]
-[[Category:Organic compounds]]
+[[Category:Chemical compounds]]
-[[Category:Pharmaceutical chemistry]]
+[[Category:Pharmaceutical intermediates]]
-{{Chemistry-stub}}