Tuinal: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 16:11, 9 February 2025

Tuinal

Tuinal is a combination barbiturate medication that contains equal parts of two barbiturate salts: secobarbital and amobarbital. It was introduced in the late 1940s by Eli Lilly and Company as a sedative and hypnotic for the treatment of insomnia and other sleep disorders.

History

Tuinal was first introduced in 1946 and became widely used in the 1950s and 1960s. It was marketed as a prescription medication for patients who required a strong sedative. However, due to its potential for abuse and addiction, its use declined over the years.

Pharmacology

Tuinal acts as a central nervous system depressant. The combination of secobarbital and amobarbital enhances the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, leading to sedative and hypnotic effects. The drug has a rapid onset of action and a relatively short duration of effect.

Medical Uses

Tuinal was primarily prescribed for the short-term treatment of severe insomnia. It was also used as a pre-anesthetic agent and for the treatment of certain types of seizures. Due to its high potential for dependence and overdose, it is no longer commonly prescribed.

Abuse and Dependence

Tuinal has a high potential for abuse and can lead to physical and psychological dependence. Overdose can result in severe respiratory depression, coma, and death. As a result, its use is now highly restricted.

Legal Status

Due to its potential for abuse, Tuinal is classified as a Schedule II controlled substance in the United States. This classification indicates that it has a high potential for abuse, with use potentially leading to severe psychological or physical dependence.

Related Pages

References

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-'''Tuinal''' is a [[pharmaceutical drug]] that was widely prescribed in the 1960s and 1970s. It is a combination of two [[barbiturate]] drugs, [[secobarbital]] and [[amobarbital]], and was used primarily as a [[sedative]] and [[hypnotic]].
+== Tuinal ==
-== Composition ==
+[[File:Secobarbital_and_amobarbital.svg|thumb|Chemical structure of Secobarbital and Amobarbital]]
-Tuinal is a combination of two barbiturate drugs, secobarbital and amobarbital. Each of these drugs is a powerful sedative and hypnotic, and their combination in Tuinal was intended to provide a more effective and longer-lasting sedative effect than either drug could provide on its own.
+[[File:Tuinal_DOJ.jpg|thumb|Tuinal capsules]]
-== Uses ==
+'''Tuinal''' is a combination [[barbiturate]] [[medication]] that contains equal parts of two barbiturate salts: [[secobarbital]] and [[amobarbital]]. It was introduced in the late 1940s by [[Eli Lilly and Company]] as a sedative and [[hypnotic]] for the treatment of [[insomnia]] and other sleep disorders.
-Tuinal was primarily used as a sedative and hypnotic, for the treatment of [[insomnia]] and other sleep disorders. It was also used as a pre-anesthetic, to calm patients and help them sleep before surgery.
-== Side Effects ==
+== History ==
-Like all barbiturates, Tuinal has a number of potential side effects. These can include drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, and in some cases, dependence and addiction. Overdose can be fatal.
+Tuinal was first introduced in 1946 and became widely used in the 1950s and 1960s. It was marketed as a prescription medication for patients who required a strong sedative. However, due to its potential for abuse and addiction, its use declined over the years.
+== Pharmacology ==
+Tuinal acts as a central nervous system [[depressant]]. The combination of secobarbital and amobarbital enhances the inhibitory neurotransmitter [[gamma-aminobutyric acid]] (GABA) in the brain, leading to sedative and hypnotic effects. The drug has a rapid onset of action and a relatively short duration of effect.
+== Medical Uses ==
+Tuinal was primarily prescribed for the short-term treatment of severe insomnia. It was also used as a pre-anesthetic agent and for the treatment of certain types of seizures. Due to its high potential for dependence and overdose, it is no longer commonly prescribed.
-== History ==
+== Abuse and Dependence ==
-Tuinal was first introduced in the 1960s, and was widely prescribed throughout the 1960s and 1970s. However, its use declined in the 1980s and 1990s, as safer and less addictive alternatives became available.
+Tuinal has a high potential for abuse and can lead to physical and psychological dependence. Overdose can result in severe respiratory depression, coma, and death. As a result, its use is now highly restricted.
 == Legal Status ==
-Today, Tuinal is classified as a [[Schedule II controlled substance]] in the United States, meaning it has a high potential for abuse and is available only by prescription.
+Due to its potential for abuse, Tuinal is classified as a [[Schedule II controlled substance]] in the United States. This classification indicates that it has a high potential for abuse, with use potentially leading to severe psychological or physical dependence.
-== See Also ==
+== Related Pages ==
 * [[Barbiturate]]
 * [[Secobarbital]]
 * [[Amobarbital]]
 * [[Insomnia]]
-* [[Schedule II controlled substance]]
+* [[Central nervous system depressant]]
+== References ==
+{{Reflist}}
-[[Category:Pharmaceutical drugs]]
 [[Category:Barbiturates]]
 [[Category:Sedatives]]
 [[Category:Hypnotics]]
-[[Category:Controlled substances]]
-{{pharmacology-stub}}