TGF beta receptor 2: Difference between revisions
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:TGF beta receptor 2}} | |||
== | == Overview == | ||
The | [[File:PDB_1m9z_EBI.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Structure of TGF beta receptor 2]] | ||
The '''TGF beta receptor 2''' (TGFBR2) is a transmembrane [[serine/threonine kinase]] that plays a critical role in the [[transforming growth factor beta]] (TGF-_) signaling pathway. This receptor is involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including [[cell growth]], [[cell differentiation]], [[apoptosis]], and [[cellular homeostasis]]. | |||
== Structure == | == Structure == | ||
TGF beta receptor 2 is a | TGF beta receptor 2 is composed of an extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular kinase domain. The extracellular domain is responsible for binding the TGF-_ ligand, while the intracellular domain transduces the signal through phosphorylation of downstream signaling molecules. | ||
== Function == | |||
TGF beta receptor 2 functions as part of a receptor complex. Upon binding of TGF-_, TGFBR2 forms a heteromeric complex with [[TGF beta receptor 1]] (TGFBR1). This complex phosphorylates and activates [[SMAD proteins]], which then translocate to the nucleus to regulate the expression of target genes. | |||
== | == Signaling Pathway == | ||
The TGF-_ signaling pathway is initiated when TGF-_ ligands bind to TGFBR2. This binding induces the recruitment and phosphorylation of TGFBR1. Activated TGFBR1 phosphorylates receptor-regulated SMADs (R-SMADs), such as [[SMAD2]] and [[SMAD3]]. These R-SMADs form a complex with [[SMAD4]] and translocate to the nucleus to modulate gene expression. | |||
== | == Clinical Significance == | ||
Mutations in the TGFBR2 gene have been associated with various diseases, including [[Marfan syndrome]], [[Loeys-Dietz syndrome]], and certain types of [[cancer]]. The receptor's role in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis makes it a critical factor in tumor suppression and progression. | |||
== | == Research and Therapeutic Implications == | ||
Understanding the function and regulation of TGF beta receptor 2 is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies for diseases associated with its dysfunction. Targeting the TGF-_ signaling pathway holds potential for treating fibrotic diseases, cancer, and other conditions involving aberrant cell signaling. | |||
== | == Related pages == | ||
* [ | * [[Transforming growth factor beta]] | ||
* [[TGF beta receptor 1]] | |||
* [[SMAD proteins]] | |||
* [[Serine/threonine kinase]] | |||
[[Category: | [[Category:Receptors]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Signal transduction]] | ||
[[Category:Cell biology]] | [[Category:Cell biology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:07, 15 February 2025
Overview[edit]
The TGF beta receptor 2 (TGFBR2) is a transmembrane serine/threonine kinase that plays a critical role in the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-_) signaling pathway. This receptor is involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including cell growth, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and cellular homeostasis.
Structure[edit]
TGF beta receptor 2 is composed of an extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular kinase domain. The extracellular domain is responsible for binding the TGF-_ ligand, while the intracellular domain transduces the signal through phosphorylation of downstream signaling molecules.
Function[edit]
TGF beta receptor 2 functions as part of a receptor complex. Upon binding of TGF-_, TGFBR2 forms a heteromeric complex with TGF beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1). This complex phosphorylates and activates SMAD proteins, which then translocate to the nucleus to regulate the expression of target genes.
Signaling Pathway[edit]
The TGF-_ signaling pathway is initiated when TGF-_ ligands bind to TGFBR2. This binding induces the recruitment and phosphorylation of TGFBR1. Activated TGFBR1 phosphorylates receptor-regulated SMADs (R-SMADs), such as SMAD2 and SMAD3. These R-SMADs form a complex with SMAD4 and translocate to the nucleus to modulate gene expression.
Clinical Significance[edit]
Mutations in the TGFBR2 gene have been associated with various diseases, including Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, and certain types of cancer. The receptor's role in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis makes it a critical factor in tumor suppression and progression.
Research and Therapeutic Implications[edit]
Understanding the function and regulation of TGF beta receptor 2 is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies for diseases associated with its dysfunction. Targeting the TGF-_ signaling pathway holds potential for treating fibrotic diseases, cancer, and other conditions involving aberrant cell signaling.
