Secondary sclerosing cholangitis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Secondary sclerosing cholangitis | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| image = | |||
| caption = | |||
| field = [[Gastroenterology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Jaundice]], [[pruritus]], [[abdominal pain]], [[fever]], [[fatigue]] | |||
| complications = [[Liver cirrhosis]], [[portal hypertension]], [[liver failure]] | |||
| onset = | |||
| duration = | |||
| types = | |||
| causes = [[Bile duct injury]], [[biliary obstruction]], [[ischemia]], [[infection]] | |||
| risks = | |||
| diagnosis = [[Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography|MRCP]], [[endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography|ERCP]], [[liver biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Primary sclerosing cholangitis]], [[biliary atresia]], [[cholangiocarcinoma]] | |||
| prevention = | |||
| treatment = [[Endoscopic therapy]], [[surgical intervention]], [[antibiotics]], [[ursodeoxycholic acid]] | |||
| medication = | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depending on cause and treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Secondary sclerosing cholangitis''' (SSC) is a chronic [[liver disease]] that results from the progressive inflammation and scarring of the [[bile ducts]] within the liver. This condition is termed "secondary" as it occurs due to an identifiable cause or condition, unlike [[primary sclerosing cholangitis]] (PSC), which has no known cause. | '''Secondary sclerosing cholangitis''' (SSC) is a chronic [[liver disease]] that results from the progressive inflammation and scarring of the [[bile ducts]] within the liver. This condition is termed "secondary" as it occurs due to an identifiable cause or condition, unlike [[primary sclerosing cholangitis]] (PSC), which has no known cause. | ||
==Etiology== | ==Etiology== | ||
The exact cause of SSC is not fully understood, but it is known to be associated with several conditions such as [[ischemia]], [[sepsis]], [[trauma]], and [[immunodeficiency]]. It can also occur as a complication of surgical procedures or due to the use of certain medications. | The exact cause of SSC is not fully understood, but it is known to be associated with several conditions such as [[ischemia]], [[sepsis]], [[trauma]], and [[immunodeficiency]]. It can also occur as a complication of surgical procedures or due to the use of certain medications. | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
In SSC, the inflammation and scarring of the bile ducts lead to their narrowing and obstruction. This results in the accumulation of bile in the liver, causing further inflammation and eventually leading to [[cirrhosis]] and liver failure. | In SSC, the inflammation and scarring of the bile ducts lead to their narrowing and obstruction. This results in the accumulation of bile in the liver, causing further inflammation and eventually leading to [[cirrhosis]] and liver failure. | ||
==Clinical Presentation== | ==Clinical Presentation== | ||
Patients with SSC often present with symptoms such as jaundice, pruritus, and fatigue. They may also have signs of advanced liver disease such as ascites, [[hepatic encephalopathy]], and variceal bleeding. | Patients with SSC often present with symptoms such as jaundice, pruritus, and fatigue. They may also have signs of advanced liver disease such as ascites, [[hepatic encephalopathy]], and variceal bleeding. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
The diagnosis of SSC is typically made based on a combination of clinical features, laboratory findings, imaging studies, and sometimes, liver biopsy. The presence of cholangiographic abnormalities such as multifocal strictures and dilatations in the bile ducts is a key diagnostic feature. | The diagnosis of SSC is typically made based on a combination of clinical features, laboratory findings, imaging studies, and sometimes, liver biopsy. The presence of cholangiographic abnormalities such as multifocal strictures and dilatations in the bile ducts is a key diagnostic feature. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
The treatment of SSC is primarily aimed at managing the symptoms and slowing the progression of the disease. This may involve the use of medications to reduce inflammation and improve bile flow, endoscopic procedures to relieve bile duct obstruction, and in severe cases, liver transplantation. | The treatment of SSC is primarily aimed at managing the symptoms and slowing the progression of the disease. This may involve the use of medications to reduce inflammation and improve bile flow, endoscopic procedures to relieve bile duct obstruction, and in severe cases, liver transplantation. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis of SSC varies widely and depends on several factors including the underlying cause, the extent of liver damage, and the patient's overall health status. | The prognosis of SSC varies widely and depends on several factors including the underlying cause, the extent of liver damage, and the patient's overall health status. | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Primary sclerosing cholangitis]] | * [[Primary sclerosing cholangitis]] | ||
* [[Cholangitis]] | * [[Cholangitis]] | ||
* [[Liver transplantation]] | * [[Liver transplantation]] | ||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
[[Category:Hepatology]] | [[Category:Hepatology]] | ||
[[Category:Medical conditions]] | [[Category:Medical conditions]] | ||
{{Medicine-stub}} | {{Medicine-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 04:18, 4 April 2025
| Secondary sclerosing cholangitis | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Jaundice, pruritus, abdominal pain, fever, fatigue |
| Complications | Liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension, liver failure |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | |
| Causes | Bile duct injury, biliary obstruction, ischemia, infection |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | MRCP, ERCP, liver biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Primary sclerosing cholangitis, biliary atresia, cholangiocarcinoma |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Endoscopic therapy, surgical intervention, antibiotics, ursodeoxycholic acid |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | Variable, depending on cause and treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Secondary sclerosing cholangitis (SSC) is a chronic liver disease that results from the progressive inflammation and scarring of the bile ducts within the liver. This condition is termed "secondary" as it occurs due to an identifiable cause or condition, unlike primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), which has no known cause.
Etiology[edit]
The exact cause of SSC is not fully understood, but it is known to be associated with several conditions such as ischemia, sepsis, trauma, and immunodeficiency. It can also occur as a complication of surgical procedures or due to the use of certain medications.
Pathophysiology[edit]
In SSC, the inflammation and scarring of the bile ducts lead to their narrowing and obstruction. This results in the accumulation of bile in the liver, causing further inflammation and eventually leading to cirrhosis and liver failure.
Clinical Presentation[edit]
Patients with SSC often present with symptoms such as jaundice, pruritus, and fatigue. They may also have signs of advanced liver disease such as ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and variceal bleeding.
Diagnosis[edit]
The diagnosis of SSC is typically made based on a combination of clinical features, laboratory findings, imaging studies, and sometimes, liver biopsy. The presence of cholangiographic abnormalities such as multifocal strictures and dilatations in the bile ducts is a key diagnostic feature.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment of SSC is primarily aimed at managing the symptoms and slowing the progression of the disease. This may involve the use of medications to reduce inflammation and improve bile flow, endoscopic procedures to relieve bile duct obstruction, and in severe cases, liver transplantation.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis of SSC varies widely and depends on several factors including the underlying cause, the extent of liver damage, and the patient's overall health status.
See Also[edit]
