Mydriasis: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
CSV import |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{SI}} | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Mydriasis | |||
| image = [[File:Dilated_pupils_2006_(cropped_2).jpg]] | |||
| caption = A person with mydriasis | |||
| field = [[Ophthalmology]] | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| symptoms = [[Dilated pupils]] | |||
| complications = [[Photophobia (sensitivity to light)|Photophobia]], [[blurred vision]] | |||
| onset = | |||
| duration = | |||
| causes = [[Injury]], [[disease]], [[drug use]] | |||
| risks = | |||
| diagnosis = [[Physical examination]], [[pupillary light reflex]] test | |||
| differential = [[Adie syndrome]], [[Horner's syndrome]], [[Argyll Robertson pupil]] | |||
| prevention = | |||
| treatment = Addressing underlying cause, [[miotics]] | |||
| medication = | |||
| prognosis = Depends on underlying cause | |||
| frequency = | |||
| deaths = | |||
}} | |||
'''Mydriasis''' refers to the dilation of the [[pupil]]s, which is usually due to an underlying condition or exposure to certain drugs. This symptom is often a critical clue in medical diagnoses. | '''Mydriasis''' refers to the dilation of the [[pupil]]s, which is usually due to an underlying condition or exposure to certain drugs. This symptom is often a critical clue in medical diagnoses. | ||
[[File:Mydriasis due to LSD usage.jpg|thumb|Mydriasis due to LSD usage]] | [[File:Mydriasis due to LSD usage.jpg|left|thumb|Mydriasis due to LSD usage]] | ||
== | == Introduction == | ||
Mydriasis is characterized by an abnormal expansion of the pupils, which may affect one eye (unilateral mydriasis) or both eyes (bilateral mydriasis). The dilation of the pupil is governed by the balance between the actions of the [[sphincter pupillae muscle]] and the [[dilator pupillae muscle]]. | Mydriasis is characterized by an abnormal expansion of the pupils, which may affect one eye (unilateral mydriasis) or both eyes (bilateral mydriasis). The dilation of the pupil is governed by the balance between the actions of the [[sphincter pupillae muscle]] and the [[dilator pupillae muscle]]. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Mydriasis can occur as a result of various underlying causes. These include exposure to certain drugs (such as atropine, antihistamines, and cocaine), trauma, brain injury, eye or nerve disorders, and certain diseases, such as botulism. It is also seen in certain eye examinations where [[Tropicamide|tropicamide]] or [[Phenylephrine|phenylephrine]] is used to deliberately induce the condition for a better view of the retina. | Mydriasis can occur as a result of various underlying causes. These include exposure to certain drugs (such as atropine, antihistamines, and cocaine), trauma, brain injury, eye or nerve disorders, and certain diseases, such as botulism. It is also seen in certain eye examinations where [[Tropicamide|tropicamide]] or [[Phenylephrine|phenylephrine]] is used to deliberately induce the condition for a better view of the retina. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The most apparent symptom of mydriasis is the noticeable dilation of the pupil(s). However, associated symptoms can occur depending on the underlying cause. These can include light sensitivity (photophobia), blurred vision, headache, or double vision (diplopia). | The most apparent symptom of mydriasis is the noticeable dilation of the pupil(s). However, associated symptoms can occur depending on the underlying cause. These can include light sensitivity (photophobia), blurred vision, headache, or double vision (diplopia). | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Mydriasis is typically diagnosed through a physical examination, particularly an eye examination, which can involve visual acuity testing, a slit lamp examination, and a fundoscopic examination. The doctor may inquire about the patient's medical history, symptoms, and any possible exposures to causative factors. | Mydriasis is typically diagnosed through a physical examination, particularly an eye examination, which can involve visual acuity testing, a slit lamp examination, and a fundoscopic examination. The doctor may inquire about the patient's medical history, symptoms, and any possible exposures to causative factors. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
The treatment of mydriasis primarily involves addressing the underlying cause. For example, if a specific medication is causing the dilation, the solution may involve reducing the dosage or switching medications. In certain cases, if the dilation is not harming the patient's vision and does not signify a severe underlying condition, treatment might not be necessary. | The treatment of mydriasis primarily involves addressing the underlying cause. For example, if a specific medication is causing the dilation, the solution may involve reducing the dosage or switching medications. In certain cases, if the dilation is not harming the patient's vision and does not signify a severe underlying condition, treatment might not be necessary. | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
The prognosis for mydriasis greatly depends on its cause. If the underlying condition can be successfully treated or managed, the mydriasis will typically resolve. In some cases, however, long-term dilation may persist. | The prognosis for mydriasis greatly depends on its cause. If the underlying condition can be successfully treated or managed, the mydriasis will typically resolve. In some cases, however, long-term dilation may persist. | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references> | <references> | ||
Latest revision as of 03:40, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Mydriasis | |
|---|---|
.jpg)
| |
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Dilated pupils |
| Complications | Photophobia, blurred vision |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Injury, disease, drug use |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Physical examination, pupillary light reflex test |
| Differential diagnosis | Adie syndrome, Horner's syndrome, Argyll Robertson pupil |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | Addressing underlying cause, miotics |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | Depends on underlying cause |
| Frequency | |
| Deaths | |
Mydriasis refers to the dilation of the pupils, which is usually due to an underlying condition or exposure to certain drugs. This symptom is often a critical clue in medical diagnoses.
Introduction[edit]
Mydriasis is characterized by an abnormal expansion of the pupils, which may affect one eye (unilateral mydriasis) or both eyes (bilateral mydriasis). The dilation of the pupil is governed by the balance between the actions of the sphincter pupillae muscle and the dilator pupillae muscle.
Causes[edit]
Mydriasis can occur as a result of various underlying causes. These include exposure to certain drugs (such as atropine, antihistamines, and cocaine), trauma, brain injury, eye or nerve disorders, and certain diseases, such as botulism. It is also seen in certain eye examinations where tropicamide or phenylephrine is used to deliberately induce the condition for a better view of the retina.
Symptoms[edit]
The most apparent symptom of mydriasis is the noticeable dilation of the pupil(s). However, associated symptoms can occur depending on the underlying cause. These can include light sensitivity (photophobia), blurred vision, headache, or double vision (diplopia).
Diagnosis[edit]
Mydriasis is typically diagnosed through a physical examination, particularly an eye examination, which can involve visual acuity testing, a slit lamp examination, and a fundoscopic examination. The doctor may inquire about the patient's medical history, symptoms, and any possible exposures to causative factors.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment of mydriasis primarily involves addressing the underlying cause. For example, if a specific medication is causing the dilation, the solution may involve reducing the dosage or switching medications. In certain cases, if the dilation is not harming the patient's vision and does not signify a severe underlying condition, treatment might not be necessary.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for mydriasis greatly depends on its cause. If the underlying condition can be successfully treated or managed, the mydriasis will typically resolve. In some cases, however, long-term dilation may persist.
References[edit]
<references>
- Wall M. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Neurol Clin. 2010;28(3):593-617.
- Pula JH, Kwan K, Yuen CA, Kattah JC. Update on the evaluation of transient vision loss. Clin Ophthalmol. 2016;10:297-303.
</references>
