Archaeplastida: Difference between revisions
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==Archaeplastida== | |||
'''Archaeplastida''' is a major group of [[eukaryotes]] that includes the [[land plants]], [[green algae]], | [[File:Sprague_River_(Klamath_County,_Oregon_scenic_images)_(klaDA0073).jpg|Archaeplastida|thumb|right]] | ||
'''Archaeplastida''' is a major group of [[eukaryotes]] that includes the [[land plants]], [[green algae]], [[red algae]], and [[glaucophytes]]. This group is characterized by having [[chloroplasts]] that are surrounded by two membranes, which is indicative of a primary endosymbiotic event with a [[cyanobacterium]]. | |||
==Characteristics== | ==Characteristics== | ||
The | Archaeplastida are primarily distinguished by their photosynthetic capabilities, which are facilitated by chloroplasts derived from an ancient endosymbiotic event. The chloroplasts in Archaeplastida are surrounded by two membranes, unlike those in other photosynthetic eukaryotes, which often have more membranes due to secondary endosymbiosis. | ||
===Chloroplasts=== | |||
The chloroplasts of Archaeplastida contain [[chlorophyll]] a and, in some groups, chlorophyll b. The presence of these pigments allows them to capture light energy for photosynthesis. The chloroplasts are thought to have originated from a single endosymbiotic event involving a cyanobacterium. | |||
===Cell Structure=== | |||
Archaeplastida cells typically have a cell wall composed of [[cellulose]], although the composition can vary among different groups. They also possess a large central vacuole that helps maintain cell turgor and store nutrients. | |||
==Major Groups== | |||
Archaeplastida is divided into three main lineages: | Archaeplastida is divided into three main lineages: | ||
=== | ===Glaucophytes=== | ||
[[File:Glaucocystis_sp.jpg|Glaucocystis sp.|thumb|left]] | |||
[[ | |||
=== | Glaucophytes are a small group of freshwater algae that retain a peptidoglycan layer between the two membranes of their chloroplasts, a feature reminiscent of their cyanobacterial ancestors. This group is considered to be the most basal lineage of Archaeplastida. | ||
[[ | |||
===Red Algae=== | |||
Red algae, or [[Rhodophyta]], are primarily marine organisms known for their reddish color, which is due to the presence of the pigment [[phycoerythrin]]. They are an important component of coral reefs and are used in various commercial applications, such as the production of agar and carrageenan. | |||
===Green Algae and Land Plants=== | |||
[[File:Laurencia.jpg|Laurencia|thumb|right]] | |||
Green algae and land plants form a clade known as [[Viridiplantae]]. Green algae are diverse and can be found in a variety of habitats, including freshwater, marine, and terrestrial environments. Land plants, or [[Embryophytes]], evolved from a group of green algae and have colonized terrestrial environments, leading to the vast diversity of plant life seen today. | |||
==Evolutionary Significance== | ==Evolutionary Significance== | ||
The Archaeplastida are significant in the study of evolution because they represent one of the earliest diverging lineages of photosynthetic eukaryotes. The primary endosymbiotic event that led to the formation of their chloroplasts is a key event in the history of life on Earth, as it enabled the rise of photosynthetic organisms that contribute to the global carbon cycle and oxygen production. | |||
Archaeplastida | |||
==Related | ==Related Pages== | ||
* [[Eukaryote]] | |||
* [[Photosynthesis]] | * [[Photosynthesis]] | ||
* [[Endosymbiotic theory]] | * [[Endosymbiotic theory]] | ||
* [[Cyanobacteria]] | * [[Cyanobacteria]] | ||
==Gallery== | ==Gallery== | ||
File: | [[File:Stigeoclonium_sp_zugespitzte_seitenzweige.jpeg|Stigeoclonium sp.|thumb|left]] | ||
[[File:Hemimastix_amphikineta.png|Hemimastix amphikineta|thumb|right]] | |||
[[File:Coccolithus_pelagicus.jpg|Coccolithus pelagicus|thumb|left]] | |||
[[File:Ammonia_tepida.jpg|Ammonia tepida|thumb|right]] | |||
{{Taxonbar|from=Q25369}} | |||
[[Category:Archaeplastida]] | [[Category:Archaeplastida]] | ||
[[Category:Photosynthetic organisms]] | [[Category:Photosynthetic organisms]] | ||
[[Category:Eukaryotes]] | [[Category:Eukaryotes]] | ||
Latest revision as of 18:54, 23 March 2025
Archaeplastida[edit]
_(klaDA0073).jpg)
Archaeplastida is a major group of eukaryotes that includes the land plants, green algae, red algae, and glaucophytes. This group is characterized by having chloroplasts that are surrounded by two membranes, which is indicative of a primary endosymbiotic event with a cyanobacterium.
Characteristics[edit]
Archaeplastida are primarily distinguished by their photosynthetic capabilities, which are facilitated by chloroplasts derived from an ancient endosymbiotic event. The chloroplasts in Archaeplastida are surrounded by two membranes, unlike those in other photosynthetic eukaryotes, which often have more membranes due to secondary endosymbiosis.
Chloroplasts[edit]
The chloroplasts of Archaeplastida contain chlorophyll a and, in some groups, chlorophyll b. The presence of these pigments allows them to capture light energy for photosynthesis. The chloroplasts are thought to have originated from a single endosymbiotic event involving a cyanobacterium.
Cell Structure[edit]
Archaeplastida cells typically have a cell wall composed of cellulose, although the composition can vary among different groups. They also possess a large central vacuole that helps maintain cell turgor and store nutrients.
Major Groups[edit]
Archaeplastida is divided into three main lineages:
Glaucophytes[edit]
Glaucophytes are a small group of freshwater algae that retain a peptidoglycan layer between the two membranes of their chloroplasts, a feature reminiscent of their cyanobacterial ancestors. This group is considered to be the most basal lineage of Archaeplastida.
Red Algae[edit]
Red algae, or Rhodophyta, are primarily marine organisms known for their reddish color, which is due to the presence of the pigment phycoerythrin. They are an important component of coral reefs and are used in various commercial applications, such as the production of agar and carrageenan.
Green Algae and Land Plants[edit]
Green algae and land plants form a clade known as Viridiplantae. Green algae are diverse and can be found in a variety of habitats, including freshwater, marine, and terrestrial environments. Land plants, or Embryophytes, evolved from a group of green algae and have colonized terrestrial environments, leading to the vast diversity of plant life seen today.
Evolutionary Significance[edit]
The Archaeplastida are significant in the study of evolution because they represent one of the earliest diverging lineages of photosynthetic eukaryotes. The primary endosymbiotic event that led to the formation of their chloroplasts is a key event in the history of life on Earth, as it enabled the rise of photosynthetic organisms that contribute to the global carbon cycle and oxygen production.
Related Pages[edit]
Gallery[edit]
