Occupational medicine

Occupational Medicine is a branch of medicine that focuses on the prevention and treatment of diseases and injuries occurring at work or in specific occupations. It is an interdisciplinary field involving aspects of epidemiology, preventive medicine, internal medicine, toxicology, public health, radiology, and infectious disease.

History

The field of occupational medicine originated in the late 19th century when it was recognized that certain jobs carried an inherent risk of disease and injury. The first occupational medicine specialists were often factory doctors who were employed by the company to improve the health and productivity of the workers.

Scope

Occupational medicine specialists work to ensure that the highest standards of health and safety at work can be achieved and maintained. They focus on:

• Prevention of health disorders caused by work conditions
• Promotion and maintenance of workers' health and working capacity
• Improvement of the working environment and work to become conducive to safety and health
• Development of work organizations and working cultures in a direction which supports health and safety at work

Occupational Diseases

Occupational diseases are disorders that are caused by exposure to hazardous substances or conditions at work. Some common occupational diseases include:

• Asbestosis
• Silicosis
• Lead poisoning
• Carpal tunnel syndrome
• Noise-induced hearing loss

Occupational Injuries

Occupational injuries are injuries that occur during the course of employment. They can range from minor cuts and bruises to serious accidents that can lead to disability or death. Some common occupational injuries include:

• Falls
• Burns
• Electrocution
• Crush injuries
• Repetitive strain injuries

See Also

• Industrial hygiene
• Occupational health psychology
• Occupational safety and health
• Occupational therapy

References

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