Transplatin: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 03:41, 13 February 2025

Overview[edit]

Transplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapy drug that is an isomer of the more widely known cisplatin. Unlike cisplatin, which is used in the treatment of various types of cancer, transplatin is not effective as an anticancer agent. This difference in activity is primarily due to the distinct geometric configuration of the two compounds.

Chemical Structure[edit]

Transplatin, or trans-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), has a square planar geometry with two ammonia molecules and two chloride ions arranged in a trans configuration around a central platinum atom. This configuration is in contrast to the cis configuration found in cisplatin, where the ligands are adjacent to each other.

Mechanism of Action[edit]

The lack of anticancer activity in transplatin is attributed to its inability to form the same type of DNA cross-links as cisplatin. In cisplatin, the cis configuration allows the formation of intrastrand cross-links between adjacent guanine bases on DNA, which is crucial for its cytotoxic effects. Transplatin, however, forms interstrand cross-links that are less effective at disrupting DNA function.

Clinical Use[edit]

Transplatin is not used in clinical settings for cancer treatment due to its poor efficacy. However, it has been studied for its potential use in combination with other drugs or as a scaffold for developing new platinum-based compounds with improved activity and reduced side effects.

Research and Development[edit]

Research into transplatin and its derivatives continues, as scientists seek to understand the structural and chemical properties that influence the activity of platinum-based drugs. Modifications to the transplatin structure, such as changing the ligands or altering the platinum coordination environment, are being explored to enhance its therapeutic potential.

Related Pages[edit]

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 {{DISPLAYTITLE:Transplatin}}
-'''Transplatin''' is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula [[PtCl2(NH3)2]]. It is a [[platinum]]-based compound that is structurally similar to the well-known [[cisplatin]], a widely used [[chemotherapy|chemotherapeutic]] agent. However, unlike cisplatin, transplatin does not exhibit significant anticancer activity. This article explores the chemical properties, synthesis, biological activity, and potential applications of transplatin.
+== Overview ==
+[[File:TransPtCl2A2.svg|thumb|right|Structure of Transplatin]]
+'''Transplatin''' is a [[platinum-based chemotherapy]] drug that is an isomer of the more widely known [[cisplatin]]. Unlike cisplatin, which is used in the treatment of various types of [[cancer]], transplatin is not effective as an anticancer agent. This difference in activity is primarily due to the distinct geometric configuration of the two compounds.
-==Chemical Properties==
+== Chemical Structure ==
-Transplatin is a [[coordination complex]] of platinum(II) with two chloride ions and two ammonia molecules. The compound is characterized by its trans configuration, where the two chloride ions are opposite each other, as are the two ammonia ligands. This geometric arrangement is in contrast to the cis configuration of cisplatin, where the chloride ions and ammonia ligands are adjacent.
+Transplatin, or trans-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), has a [[square planar]] geometry with two [[ammonia]] molecules and two [[chloride]] ions arranged in a trans configuration around a central platinum atom. This configuration is in contrast to the cis configuration found in cisplatin, where the ligands are adjacent to each other.
-===Structure===
+== Mechanism of Action ==
-The trans configuration of transplatin results in a linear arrangement of the ligands around the central platinum atom. This geometry is responsible for its distinct chemical and biological properties compared to cisplatin.
+The lack of anticancer activity in transplatin is attributed to its inability to form the same type of [[DNA cross-links]] as cisplatin. In cisplatin, the cis configuration allows the formation of intrastrand cross-links between adjacent [[guanine]] bases on [[DNA]], which is crucial for its cytotoxic effects. Transplatin, however, forms interstrand cross-links that are less effective at disrupting DNA function.
-===Solubility===
+== Clinical Use ==
-Transplatin is sparingly soluble in water but can dissolve in [[dimethyl sulfoxide]] (DMSO) and other organic solvents. Its solubility properties are important for its handling and potential applications in research.
+Transplatin is not used in clinical settings for cancer treatment due to its poor efficacy. However, it has been studied for its potential use in combination with other drugs or as a scaffold for developing new platinum-based compounds with improved activity and reduced side effects.
-==Synthesis==
+== Research and Development ==
-Transplatin can be synthesized through the reaction of [[potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II)]] with ammonia in an aqueous solution. The reaction is typically carried out under controlled conditions to ensure the formation of the trans isomer:
+Research into transplatin and its derivatives continues, as scientists seek to understand the structural and chemical properties that influence the activity of platinum-based drugs. Modifications to the transplatin structure, such as changing the ligands or altering the platinum coordination environment, are being explored to enhance its therapeutic potential.
-<math>\text{K}_2[\text{PtCl}_4] + 2 \text{NH}_3 \rightarrow \text{PtCl}_2(\text{NH}_3)_2 + 2 \text{KCl}</math>
+== Related Pages ==
-The product is then purified through recrystallization or other suitable methods to obtain pure transplatin.
-==Biological Activity==
-Despite its structural similarity to cisplatin, transplatin does not exhibit significant anticancer activity. This lack of activity is attributed to its inability to form the same type of [[DNA adducts]] as cisplatin. The trans configuration of transplatin prevents it from effectively binding to DNA in a manner that disrupts [[DNA replication]] and transcription.
-===Mechanism of Action===
-While cisplatin forms intrastrand cross-links with DNA, leading to apoptosis in cancer cells, transplatin's trans configuration results in less effective DNA binding. This difference in binding affinity and geometry is a key factor in the contrasting biological activities of the two compounds.
-==Potential Applications==
-Although transplatin itself is not used as a chemotherapeutic agent, it serves as a valuable tool in research. Studies on transplatin help elucidate the structure-activity relationships of platinum-based drugs and contribute to the development of new compounds with improved efficacy and reduced side effects.
-==Also see==
 * [[Cisplatin]]
-* [[Carboplatin]]
+* [[Platinum-based chemotherapy]]
-* [[Oxaliplatin]]
+* [[DNA cross-linking]]
-* [[Platinum-based antineoplastic agents]]
-* [[Coordination chemistry]]
-{{Chemistry-stub}}
-{{Pharmacology-stub}}
+[[Category:Chemotherapy]]
 [[Category:Platinum compounds]]
-[[Category:Coordination complexes]]
-[[Category:Antineoplastic drugs]]