Buddhism and abortion

Buddhism and Abortion

Buddhism, a major world religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha) in the 5th century BCE, encompasses a variety of beliefs and practices. One of the ethical issues that Buddhists face is the question of abortion. The Buddhist perspective on abortion is complex and varies among different cultures and sects.

Buddhist Teachings on Life and Ethics

Buddhism emphasizes the sanctity of life and the principle of non-harm, or ahimsa. The first precept in Buddhism is to abstain from taking life, which includes human life. This precept is central to the Buddhist ethical framework and influences the Buddhist view on abortion.

The concept of karma is also significant in Buddhist ethics. Actions are believed to have consequences, and taking a life is considered a serious action that can lead to negative karmic results. However, Buddhism also teaches compassion and understanding, which can influence how individuals and communities approach the issue of abortion.

Views on Abortion in Different Buddhist Traditions

1. 1. Theravada Buddhism

In Theravada Buddhism, which is practiced primarily in countries like Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Myanmar, abortion is generally considered to be morally wrong because it involves the intentional taking of a life. The Theravada tradition tends to adhere closely to the original teachings of the Buddha, emphasizing the importance of the precepts.

1. 1. Mahayana Buddhism

Mahayana Buddhism, which is prevalent in countries such as China, Japan, and Korea, also generally opposes abortion. However, Mahayana Buddhism places a strong emphasis on compassion and the intention behind actions. This can lead to more nuanced views where the circumstances surrounding an abortion are taken into account.

1. 1. Vajrayana Buddhism

In Vajrayana Buddhism, practiced in Tibet and Mongolia, the views on abortion can be influenced by local cultural practices and the teachings of specific lamas or teachers. While the general stance is against abortion, there may be more room for individual interpretation and decision-making based on the specific context.

Ethical Considerations and Debates

Buddhists may face ethical dilemmas when considering abortion, especially in cases where the mother's life is at risk, or in situations involving rape or incest. The decision may involve weighing the precept against taking life with the need to alleviate suffering and act with compassion.

Some Buddhists argue that the intention behind the action is crucial, and that compassionate intentions can mitigate the negative karmic effects of abortion. Others maintain that the act itself is inherently wrong, regardless of intention.

Also see

• Buddhism and bioethics
• Buddhist views on euthanasia
• Karma in Buddhism
• Ahimsa
• Five Precepts