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'''Uveitic Glaucoma''' is a form of [[glaucoma]] that is associated with [[uveitis]], which is inflammation of the [[uvea]] or uveal tract of the eye. The uvea consists of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. Uveitic glaucoma can develop as a complication of uveitis, leading to increased [[intraocular pressure]] (IOP) and potential damage to the [[optic nerve]], resulting in vision loss.
{{SI}}
 
{{Infobox medical condition
==Causes and Pathophysiology==
| name                    = Uveitic glaucoma
Uveitic glaucoma is caused by the inflammatory process associated with uveitis, which can lead to alterations in the eye's aqueous humor dynamics. The mechanisms by which uveitis leads to glaucoma include:
| image                  = [[File:Hypopyon.jpg|250px]]
 
| caption                = Hypopyon, a possible sign of uveitis
* Trabecular meshwork dysfunction or obstruction, caused by inflammatory cells, proteins, or debris.
| field                  = [[Ophthalmology]]
* Formation of posterior synechiae (adhesions between the iris and lens), leading to pupillary block and secondary angle-closure glaucoma.
| synonyms                =
* Neovascularization of the iris and angle, leading to neovascular glaucoma.
| symptoms                = [[Eye pain]], [[redness]], [[blurred vision]], [[photophobia]]
* Corticosteroid-induced glaucoma, as corticosteroids are a common treatment for uveitis but can increase IOP in susceptible individuals.
| complications          = [[Vision loss]], [[optic nerve damage]]
 
| onset                  =
| duration                =
| types                  =
| causes                  = [[Uveitis]], [[intraocular inflammation]]
| risks                  =
| diagnosis              = [[Tonometry]], [[slit lamp examination]], [[gonioscopy]]
| differential            = [[Primary open-angle glaucoma]], [[angle-closure glaucoma]]
| prevention              =
| treatment              = [[Topical corticosteroids]], [[intraocular pressure lowering medications]], [[surgery]]
| medication              = [[Corticosteroids]], [[beta blockers]], [[carbonic anhydrase inhibitors]]
| prognosis              =
| frequency              =
| deaths                  =
}}
{{Short description|A type of secondary glaucoma associated with uveitis}}
'''Uveitic glaucoma''' is a form of [[secondary glaucoma]] that occurs in association with [[uveitis]], an inflammation of the [[uvea]], the middle layer of the eye. This condition can lead to increased [[intraocular pressure]] (IOP) and potential damage to the [[optic nerve]], resulting in vision loss if not properly managed.
==Pathophysiology==
Uveitic glaucoma arises due to the inflammatory processes associated with uveitis. Inflammation can lead to the obstruction of the [[trabecular meshwork]], the eye's drainage system, causing an increase in intraocular pressure. Additionally, the use of corticosteroids to treat uveitis can also contribute to elevated IOP in some patients.
==Symptoms==
==Symptoms==
Symptoms of uveitic glaucoma may include:
Patients with uveitic glaucoma may experience symptoms such as eye pain, redness, blurred vision, and halos around lights. These symptoms are often accompanied by those of uveitis, including photophobia and floaters.
 
* Blurred vision
* Eye pain
* Redness of the eye
* Sensitivity to light (photophobia)
* Decreased vision
 
It is important to note that symptoms of uveitic glaucoma can vary significantly among individuals, and some may not experience noticeable symptoms until the condition has progressed.
 
==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
Diagnosis of uveitic glaucoma involves a comprehensive eye examination, including:
Diagnosis of uveitic glaucoma involves a comprehensive eye examination, including measurement of intraocular pressure, assessment of the optic nerve, and evaluation of the anterior chamber for signs of inflammation. The presence of [[hypopyon]], a layer of white blood cells in the anterior chamber, can be indicative of severe inflammation.
 
==Management==
* Measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP)
The management of uveitic glaucoma involves controlling both the intraocular pressure and the underlying uveitis. Treatment options include topical and systemic medications to reduce inflammation and lower IOP. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to manage the glaucoma effectively.
* Gonioscopy to examine the drainage angle of the eye
* Optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess the optic nerve and retinal nerve fiber layer
* Visual field testing to evaluate the functional impact on vision
 
==Treatment==
Treatment of uveitic glaucoma aims to control inflammation, lower IOP, and prevent optic nerve damage. Treatment options may include:
 
* Anti-inflammatory medications, such as corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents, to control uveitis.
* IOP-lowering medications, such as prostaglandin analogs, beta-blockers, alpha agonists, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
* Laser therapy, such as laser trabeculoplasty or cyclophotocoagulation, to improve aqueous humor outflow or decrease aqueous humor production.
* Surgical interventions, such as trabeculectomy or glaucoma drainage device implantation, in cases where medical and laser therapies are insufficient.
 
==Prognosis==
==Prognosis==
The prognosis for individuals with uveitic glaucoma varies depending on the severity of the condition, the underlying cause of uveitis, and the response to treatment. Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial to prevent or minimize vision loss.
The prognosis for patients with uveitic glaucoma varies depending on the severity of the uveitis and the response to treatment. Early detection and appropriate management are crucial to prevent vision loss.
 
==See also==
==Prevention==
* [[Glaucoma]]
Preventing uveitic glaucoma involves controlling inflammation in individuals with uveitis and monitoring for signs of increased IOP and glaucoma development. Regular eye examinations are essential for individuals at risk of or diagnosed with uveitis.
* [[Uveitis]]
 
* [[Intraocular pressure]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Glaucoma]]
[[Category:Eye diseases]]
[[Category:Eye diseases]]
[[Category:Glaucoma]]
[[Category:Inflammations]]
{{Medicine-stub}}

Latest revision as of 06:12, 6 April 2025

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC

Uveitic glaucoma
File:Hypopyon.jpg
Synonyms
Pronounce N/A
Specialty N/A
Symptoms Eye pain, redness, blurred vision, photophobia
Complications Vision loss, optic nerve damage
Onset
Duration
Types
Causes Uveitis, intraocular inflammation
Risks
Diagnosis Tonometry, slit lamp examination, gonioscopy
Differential diagnosis Primary open-angle glaucoma, angle-closure glaucoma
Prevention
Treatment Topical corticosteroids, intraocular pressure lowering medications, surgery
Medication Corticosteroids, beta blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Prognosis
Frequency
Deaths


A type of secondary glaucoma associated with uveitis


Uveitic glaucoma is a form of secondary glaucoma that occurs in association with uveitis, an inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye. This condition can lead to increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and potential damage to the optic nerve, resulting in vision loss if not properly managed.

Pathophysiology[edit]

Uveitic glaucoma arises due to the inflammatory processes associated with uveitis. Inflammation can lead to the obstruction of the trabecular meshwork, the eye's drainage system, causing an increase in intraocular pressure. Additionally, the use of corticosteroids to treat uveitis can also contribute to elevated IOP in some patients.

Symptoms[edit]

Patients with uveitic glaucoma may experience symptoms such as eye pain, redness, blurred vision, and halos around lights. These symptoms are often accompanied by those of uveitis, including photophobia and floaters.

Diagnosis[edit]

Diagnosis of uveitic glaucoma involves a comprehensive eye examination, including measurement of intraocular pressure, assessment of the optic nerve, and evaluation of the anterior chamber for signs of inflammation. The presence of hypopyon, a layer of white blood cells in the anterior chamber, can be indicative of severe inflammation.

Management[edit]

The management of uveitic glaucoma involves controlling both the intraocular pressure and the underlying uveitis. Treatment options include topical and systemic medications to reduce inflammation and lower IOP. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to manage the glaucoma effectively.

Prognosis[edit]

The prognosis for patients with uveitic glaucoma varies depending on the severity of the uveitis and the response to treatment. Early detection and appropriate management are crucial to prevent vision loss.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

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