Thyroid adenoma: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Thyroid adenoma | |||
| image = [[File:Thyroid_adenoma.jpg|left|thumb|Thyroid adenoma]] | |||
| caption = Histopathological image of a thyroid adenoma | |||
| field = [[Endocrinology]] | |||
| synonyms = Follicular adenoma | |||
| symptoms = [[Nodule]] in the [[thyroid gland]], possible [[hyperthyroidism]] | |||
| complications = Rarely, [[thyroid cancer]] | |||
| onset = Typically in adults | |||
| duration = Variable | |||
| causes = Unknown, possibly genetic factors | |||
| risks = [[Radiation exposure]], family history | |||
| diagnosis = [[Ultrasound]], [[fine needle aspiration]] biopsy | |||
| differential = [[Thyroid cancer]], [[multinodular goiter]] | |||
| treatment = [[Surgery]], [[radioactive iodine]] | |||
| medication = [[Thyroid hormone]] suppression therapy | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with treatment | |||
| frequency = Common | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Causes_of_hyperthyroidism.png|Causes of hyperthyroidism|thumb|left]] | |||
[[File:Short_Gamma-Ray_Burst.jpg|Short Gamma-Ray Burst|thumb|left]] | |||
'''Thyroid adenoma''' is a type of [[benign tumor]] or non-cancerous growth that can develop in the [[thyroid gland]]. The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck. It produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolism. | '''Thyroid adenoma''' is a type of [[benign tumor]] or non-cancerous growth that can develop in the [[thyroid gland]]. The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck. It produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolism. | ||
==Types== | ==Types== | ||
There are several types of thyroid adenomas, including: | There are several types of thyroid adenomas, including: | ||
* '''Follicular adenoma''': This is the most common type of thyroid adenoma. It is composed of small, follicular cells and is usually encapsulated, meaning it is contained within a thin layer of tissue. | * '''Follicular adenoma''': This is the most common type of thyroid adenoma. It is composed of small, follicular cells and is usually encapsulated, meaning it is contained within a thin layer of tissue. | ||
* '''Hürthle cell adenoma''': This type of adenoma is composed of Hürthle cells, which are a type of cell found in the thyroid gland. Hürthle cell adenomas are less common than follicular adenomas. | * '''Hürthle cell adenoma''': This type of adenoma is composed of Hürthle cells, which are a type of cell found in the thyroid gland. Hürthle cell adenomas are less common than follicular adenomas. | ||
* '''Papillary adenoma''': This is a rare type of thyroid adenoma. It is composed of papillary cells, which are a type of cell found in the thyroid gland. | * '''Papillary adenoma''': This is a rare type of thyroid adenoma. It is composed of papillary cells, which are a type of cell found in the thyroid gland. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Thyroid adenomas are often asymptomatic, meaning they do not cause any symptoms. However, if the adenoma grows large enough, it can cause symptoms such as: | Thyroid adenomas are often asymptomatic, meaning they do not cause any symptoms. However, if the adenoma grows large enough, it can cause symptoms such as: | ||
* A lump in the neck | * A lump in the neck | ||
* Difficulty swallowing | * Difficulty swallowing | ||
* Hoarseness | * Hoarseness | ||
* Difficulty breathing | * Difficulty breathing | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Thyroid adenomas are usually discovered during a routine physical examination. If a lump is found in the thyroid gland, further tests may be performed to determine whether it is an adenoma or another type of growth. These tests may include: | Thyroid adenomas are usually discovered during a routine physical examination. If a lump is found in the thyroid gland, further tests may be performed to determine whether it is an adenoma or another type of growth. These tests may include: | ||
* '''Ultrasound''': This imaging test uses sound waves to create a picture of the thyroid gland and can help determine the size and location of the adenoma. | * '''Ultrasound''': This imaging test uses sound waves to create a picture of the thyroid gland and can help determine the size and location of the adenoma. | ||
* '''Fine-needle aspiration biopsy''': During this procedure, a small sample of tissue is removed from the adenoma using a thin needle. The sample is then examined under a microscope to determine whether it is benign or malignant. | * '''Fine-needle aspiration biopsy''': During this procedure, a small sample of tissue is removed from the adenoma using a thin needle. The sample is then examined under a microscope to determine whether it is benign or malignant. | ||
* '''Thyroid scan''': This test uses a small amount of radioactive material and a special camera to create a picture of the thyroid gland. It can help determine whether the adenoma is functioning (producing hormones) or non-functioning. | * '''Thyroid scan''': This test uses a small amount of radioactive material and a special camera to create a picture of the thyroid gland. It can help determine whether the adenoma is functioning (producing hormones) or non-functioning. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
The treatment for thyroid adenoma depends on the size of the adenoma and whether it is causing symptoms. Treatment options may include: | The treatment for thyroid adenoma depends on the size of the adenoma and whether it is causing symptoms. Treatment options may include: | ||
* '''Observation''': If the adenoma is small and not causing any symptoms, it may simply be monitored with regular ultrasound exams. | * '''Observation''': If the adenoma is small and not causing any symptoms, it may simply be monitored with regular ultrasound exams. | ||
* '''Surgery''': If the adenoma is large or causing symptoms, it may need to be removed surgically. | * '''Surgery''': If the adenoma is large or causing symptoms, it may need to be removed surgically. | ||
* '''Radioactive iodine therapy''': This treatment uses radioactive iodine to shrink the adenoma. It is usually used for adenomas that are functioning. | * '''Radioactive iodine therapy''': This treatment uses radioactive iodine to shrink the adenoma. It is usually used for adenomas that are functioning. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Thyroid cancer]] | * [[Thyroid cancer]] | ||
* [[Thyroid nodule]] | * [[Thyroid nodule]] | ||
* [[Thyroidectomy]] | * [[Thyroidectomy]] | ||
[[Category:Endocrine neoplasia]] | [[Category:Endocrine neoplasia]] | ||
[[Category:Thyroid disease]] | [[Category:Thyroid disease]] | ||
[[Category:Benign neoplasms]] | [[Category:Benign neoplasms]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 23:58, 9 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Thyroid adenoma | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | Follicular adenoma |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Nodule in the thyroid gland, possible hyperthyroidism |
| Complications | Rarely, thyroid cancer |
| Onset | Typically in adults |
| Duration | Variable |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Unknown, possibly genetic factors |
| Risks | Radiation exposure, family history |
| Diagnosis | Ultrasound, fine needle aspiration biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Thyroid cancer, multinodular goiter |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Surgery, radioactive iodine |
| Medication | Thyroid hormone suppression therapy |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
Thyroid adenoma is a type of benign tumor or non-cancerous growth that can develop in the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of the neck. It produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolism.
Types[edit]
There are several types of thyroid adenomas, including:
- Follicular adenoma: This is the most common type of thyroid adenoma. It is composed of small, follicular cells and is usually encapsulated, meaning it is contained within a thin layer of tissue.
- Hürthle cell adenoma: This type of adenoma is composed of Hürthle cells, which are a type of cell found in the thyroid gland. Hürthle cell adenomas are less common than follicular adenomas.
- Papillary adenoma: This is a rare type of thyroid adenoma. It is composed of papillary cells, which are a type of cell found in the thyroid gland.
Symptoms[edit]
Thyroid adenomas are often asymptomatic, meaning they do not cause any symptoms. However, if the adenoma grows large enough, it can cause symptoms such as:
- A lump in the neck
- Difficulty swallowing
- Hoarseness
- Difficulty breathing
Diagnosis[edit]
Thyroid adenomas are usually discovered during a routine physical examination. If a lump is found in the thyroid gland, further tests may be performed to determine whether it is an adenoma or another type of growth. These tests may include:
- Ultrasound: This imaging test uses sound waves to create a picture of the thyroid gland and can help determine the size and location of the adenoma.
- Fine-needle aspiration biopsy: During this procedure, a small sample of tissue is removed from the adenoma using a thin needle. The sample is then examined under a microscope to determine whether it is benign or malignant.
- Thyroid scan: This test uses a small amount of radioactive material and a special camera to create a picture of the thyroid gland. It can help determine whether the adenoma is functioning (producing hormones) or non-functioning.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment for thyroid adenoma depends on the size of the adenoma and whether it is causing symptoms. Treatment options may include:
- Observation: If the adenoma is small and not causing any symptoms, it may simply be monitored with regular ultrasound exams.
- Surgery: If the adenoma is large or causing symptoms, it may need to be removed surgically.
- Radioactive iodine therapy: This treatment uses radioactive iodine to shrink the adenoma. It is usually used for adenomas that are functioning.
