Phosphine: Difference between revisions
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== Phosphine == | |||
[[File:Phosphine.png|thumb|right|Structural formula of phosphine]] | |||
Phosphine | |||
'''Phosphine''' is a [[chemical compound]] with the formula '''PH_'''. It is a colorless, flammable, and toxic gas with a distinctively unpleasant odor, similar to that of [[garlic]] or [[rotting fish]]. Phosphine is a [[pnictogen hydride]] and is classified as a [[hydride]] of [[phosphorus]]. | |||
Phosphine | |||
== | == Properties == | ||
==Safety== | Phosphine is a [[polar molecule]] with a [[trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry]]. The [[phosphorus]] atom in phosphine is bonded to three [[hydrogen]] atoms, and it has a lone pair of electrons, which contributes to its shape and polarity. The bond angles in phosphine are approximately 93.5 degrees, which is smaller than the typical tetrahedral angle of 109.5 degrees due to the repulsion of the lone pair. | ||
Phosphine is | |||
== Production == | |||
Phosphine can be produced by several methods, including the reaction of [[white phosphorus]] with [[sodium hydroxide]] or by the hydrolysis of [[calcium phosphide]]. Industrially, it is often produced by the reaction of [[phosphorus trichloride]] with [[water]] or [[alcohols]]. | |||
== Uses == | |||
Phosphine is used in various industrial applications, including as a [[fumigant]] for stored grain and as a precursor to other phosphorus compounds. It is also used in the [[semiconductor]] industry for the [[doping]] of [[silicon]] and other materials. | |||
== Safety == | |||
Phosphine is highly toxic and poses significant health risks if inhaled. It can cause symptoms such as [[nausea]], [[dizziness]], and [[respiratory distress]]. In high concentrations, it can be fatal. Proper safety precautions, including the use of [[gas detectors]] and [[ventilation systems]], are essential when handling phosphine. | |||
== Related pages == | |||
* [[Phosphorus]] | * [[Phosphorus]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Hydride]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Pnictogen]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Toxic gas]] | ||
[[Category:Phosphorus compounds]] | |||
[[Category:Hydrides]] | |||
[[Category:Toxic gases]] | |||
Latest revision as of 04:00, 13 February 2025
Phosphine[edit]
Phosphine is a chemical compound with the formula PH_. It is a colorless, flammable, and toxic gas with a distinctively unpleasant odor, similar to that of garlic or rotting fish. Phosphine is a pnictogen hydride and is classified as a hydride of phosphorus.
Properties[edit]
Phosphine is a polar molecule with a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry. The phosphorus atom in phosphine is bonded to three hydrogen atoms, and it has a lone pair of electrons, which contributes to its shape and polarity. The bond angles in phosphine are approximately 93.5 degrees, which is smaller than the typical tetrahedral angle of 109.5 degrees due to the repulsion of the lone pair.
Production[edit]
Phosphine can be produced by several methods, including the reaction of white phosphorus with sodium hydroxide or by the hydrolysis of calcium phosphide. Industrially, it is often produced by the reaction of phosphorus trichloride with water or alcohols.
Uses[edit]
Phosphine is used in various industrial applications, including as a fumigant for stored grain and as a precursor to other phosphorus compounds. It is also used in the semiconductor industry for the doping of silicon and other materials.
Safety[edit]
Phosphine is highly toxic and poses significant health risks if inhaled. It can cause symptoms such as nausea, dizziness, and respiratory distress. In high concentrations, it can be fatal. Proper safety precautions, including the use of gas detectors and ventilation systems, are essential when handling phosphine.
