Palmar erythema

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC

Palmar erythema
Synonyms	Liver palms, red palms
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Reddening of the palms, particularly the thenar and hypothenar eminences
Complications	None directly from the condition itself
Onset	Can be sudden or gradual
Duration	May persist as long as the underlying condition is present
Types	N/A
Causes	Liver disease, pregnancy, rheumatoid arthritis, thyrotoxicosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Risks	Alcoholism, pregnancy, autoimmune diseases
Diagnosis	Clinical examination, history taking
Differential diagnosis	Erythema ab igne, erythromelalgia, Raynaud's phenomenon
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Addressing the underlying cause
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Depends on the underlying condition
Frequency	Common in certain populations, such as those with liver disease
Deaths	N/A

Palmar erythema is a condition characterized by redness of the palms, particularly the thenar and hypothenar eminences. It is often a sign of an underlying systemic condition, although it can also occur idiopathically.

Causes

Palmar erythema can be associated with a variety of conditions, including:

• Liver disease: It is commonly seen in patients with cirrhosis or other forms of chronic liver disease.
• Pregnancy: Hormonal changes during pregnancy can lead to palmar erythema.
• Rheumatoid arthritis: This autoimmune condition can also present with palmar erythema.
• Hyperthyroidism: Overactivity of the thyroid gland can cause this symptom.
• Infections: Certain infections, such as HIV or syphilis, may present with palmar erythema.

Pathophysiology

The exact mechanism of palmar erythema is not fully understood, but it is thought to be related to increased blood flow to the skin of the palms. This may be due to hormonal changes, vascular changes, or inflammatory processes.

Clinical Presentation

Patients with palmar erythema typically present with:

• Symmetrical redness of the palms
• Warmth of the affected areas
• Absence of pain or itching

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of palmar erythema is primarily clinical, based on the appearance of the palms. However, identifying the underlying cause may require further investigation, including:

• Liver function tests
• Thyroid function tests
• Rheumatoid factor and other autoimmune markers
• Pregnancy test

Management

Treatment of palmar erythema focuses on addressing the underlying cause. For example:

• In liver disease, managing the liver condition may reduce the erythema.
• In pregnancy, the condition often resolves postpartum.
• In cases related to medication, discontinuation of the offending drug may be necessary.

Prognosis

The prognosis of palmar erythema depends on the underlying cause. In cases where the cause is treatable, the erythema may resolve. However, in chronic conditions, it may persist.

See also

• Liver disease
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Hyperthyroidism
• Pregnancy