Koenen's tumor: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Koenen's tumor | |||
| image = [[File:Koenen.gif|left|thumb|Koenen's tumor]] | |||
| caption = Koenen's tumor on a patient's toe | |||
| synonyms = Periungual fibroma | |||
| specialty = [[Dermatology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Nail bed]] tumors, [[pain]], [[discomfort]] | |||
| complications = [[Nail dystrophy]], [[infection]] | |||
| onset = Typically in [[adolescence]] | |||
| duration = [[Chronic (medicine)|Chronic]] | |||
| causes = Associated with [[tuberous sclerosis complex]] | |||
| risks = [[Genetic predisposition]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical diagnosis]], [[biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Subungual exostosis]], [[glomus tumor]], [[onychomycosis]] | |||
| treatment = [[Surgical excision]], [[laser therapy]] | |||
| medication = None specific | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with treatment | |||
| frequency = Common in patients with [[tuberous sclerosis complex]] | |||
}} | |||
'''Koenen's tumor''' is a benign skin lesion that is often associated with [[Tuberous Sclerosis Complex]] (TSC). It is also known as '''periungual fibroma''' or '''ungual fibroma''' and is characterized by the growth of a fibrous tumor around the nails, particularly the toenails. | '''Koenen's tumor''' is a benign skin lesion that is often associated with [[Tuberous Sclerosis Complex]] (TSC). It is also known as '''periungual fibroma''' or '''ungual fibroma''' and is characterized by the growth of a fibrous tumor around the nails, particularly the toenails. | ||
==Etiology== | ==Etiology== | ||
The exact cause of Koenen's tumor is not known. However, it is often associated with TSC, a genetic disorder that causes non-cancerous (benign) tumors to grow in different parts of the body. TSC is caused by mutations in the [[TSC1]] or [[TSC2]] genes. | The exact cause of Koenen's tumor is not known. However, it is often associated with TSC, a genetic disorder that causes non-cancerous (benign) tumors to grow in different parts of the body. TSC is caused by mutations in the [[TSC1]] or [[TSC2]] genes. | ||
==Clinical Presentation== | ==Clinical Presentation== | ||
Koenen's tumors typically present as small, firm, flesh-colored nodules that grow around the nails. They can occur on both the fingers and toes, but are more common on the toes. The tumors are usually painless, but can cause discomfort or pain if they become large or are subjected to trauma. | Koenen's tumors typically present as small, firm, flesh-colored nodules that grow around the nails. They can occur on both the fingers and toes, but are more common on the toes. The tumors are usually painless, but can cause discomfort or pain if they become large or are subjected to trauma. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of Koenen's tumor is usually based on clinical examination. The presence of these tumors in a patient with known TSC can help confirm the diagnosis. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to rule out other conditions. | Diagnosis of Koenen's tumor is usually based on clinical examination. The presence of these tumors in a patient with known TSC can help confirm the diagnosis. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to rule out other conditions. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for Koenen's tumor is usually not necessary unless the tumors are causing discomfort or pain. In such cases, the tumors can be surgically removed. However, they may recur after removal. | Treatment for Koenen's tumor is usually not necessary unless the tumors are causing discomfort or pain. In such cases, the tumors can be surgically removed. However, they may recur after removal. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for Koenen's tumor is generally good as the tumors are benign and do not spread to other parts of the body. However, they can cause cosmetic concerns and discomfort, particularly if they become large or are located in areas that are subjected to trauma. | The prognosis for Koenen's tumor is generally good as the tumors are benign and do not spread to other parts of the body. However, they can cause cosmetic concerns and discomfort, particularly if they become large or are located in areas that are subjected to trauma. | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Tuberous Sclerosis Complex]] | * [[Tuberous Sclerosis Complex]] | ||
* [[TSC1]] | * [[TSC1]] | ||
* [[TSC2]] | * [[TSC2]] | ||
[[Category:Skin conditions]] | [[Category:Skin conditions]] | ||
[[Category:Genetic disorders]] | [[Category:Genetic disorders]] | ||
| Line 32: | Line 40: | ||
{{genetics-stub}} | {{genetics-stub}} | ||
{{rare-diseases-stub}} | {{rare-diseases-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 21:30, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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| Koenen's tumor | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | Periungual fibroma |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | Dermatology |
| Symptoms | Nail bed tumors, pain, discomfort |
| Complications | Nail dystrophy, infection |
| Onset | Typically in adolescence |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Associated with tuberous sclerosis complex |
| Risks | Genetic predisposition |
| Diagnosis | Clinical diagnosis, biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Subungual exostosis, glomus tumor, onychomycosis |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Surgical excision, laser therapy |
| Medication | None specific |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment |
| Frequency | Common in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex |
| Deaths | N/A |
Koenen's tumor is a benign skin lesion that is often associated with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC). It is also known as periungual fibroma or ungual fibroma and is characterized by the growth of a fibrous tumor around the nails, particularly the toenails.
Etiology[edit]
The exact cause of Koenen's tumor is not known. However, it is often associated with TSC, a genetic disorder that causes non-cancerous (benign) tumors to grow in different parts of the body. TSC is caused by mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes.
Clinical Presentation[edit]
Koenen's tumors typically present as small, firm, flesh-colored nodules that grow around the nails. They can occur on both the fingers and toes, but are more common on the toes. The tumors are usually painless, but can cause discomfort or pain if they become large or are subjected to trauma.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of Koenen's tumor is usually based on clinical examination. The presence of these tumors in a patient with known TSC can help confirm the diagnosis. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to rule out other conditions.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for Koenen's tumor is usually not necessary unless the tumors are causing discomfort or pain. In such cases, the tumors can be surgically removed. However, they may recur after removal.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for Koenen's tumor is generally good as the tumors are benign and do not spread to other parts of the body. However, they can cause cosmetic concerns and discomfort, particularly if they become large or are located in areas that are subjected to trauma.
See Also[edit]
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